1
00:00:05,639 --> 00:00:07,198
Majira ya joto, 1945.

2
00:00:11,759 --> 00:00:14,960
Wakati wa sherehe ya ushindi wa Siku ya Ulaya, kwenye Red Square huko Moscow,

3
00:00:17,600 --> 00:00:20,559
mbele ya Ikulu ya Kremlin na viongozi wa Soviet,

4
00:00:21,760 --> 00:00:24,959
jeshi maarufu la Urusi lilisherehekea ushindi wao dhidi ya Ujerumani ya Nazi.

5
00:00:27,318 --> 00:00:28,679
Kama vile inavyofanyika katika Milki ya Kirumi,

6
00:00:29,280 --> 00:00:32,639
Wanajeshi walirusha bendera za walioshindwa miguuni mwa mshindi.

7
00:00:33,759 --> 00:00:35,599
Mtu aliyempiga Adolf Hitler,

8
00:00:36,439 --> 00:00:38,279
Jenerali Joseph Stalin.

9
00:00:42,079 --> 00:00:44,079
Baada ya miaka 20 ya madaraka,

10
00:00:44,639 --> 00:00:47,720
bwana wa USSR yuko kwenye kilele cha utukufu wake.

11
00:00:50,118 --> 00:00:51,079
Mshairi mmoja aliandika hivi:

12
00:00:52,719 --> 00:00:56,519
"Stalin, uko juu kuliko nafasi za juu angani”

13
00:00:57,439 --> 00:00:59,918
"na mawazo yako tu ni wakuu kuliko wewe.”

14
00:01:02,598 --> 00:01:06,119
"Roho yako Stalin, ni angavu kuliko Jua.”

15
00:01:09,719 --> 00:01:11,599
Tunamwita baba mdogo ya Watu.

16
00:01:13,198 --> 00:01:14,239
Duniani kote,

17
00:01:15,120 --> 00:01:17,919
anasimama kwa matumaini ya jamii yenye haki.

18
00:01:20,120 --> 00:01:22,719
Yeye ni sanamu la mamia ya mamilioni ya watu.

19
00:01:26,000 --> 00:01:28,278
Huko Ufaransa, tunaimba pia sifa zake.

20
00:01:30,918 --> 00:01:34,878
Kwa mioyo yetu yote, tunatangaza upendo wetu wa dhati

21
00:01:34,959 --> 00:01:39,079
kwa Stalin na tunamhakikishia ya imani yetu isiyoyumba.

22
00:01:39,480 --> 00:01:41,040
Stalin! Stalin!

23
00:01:44,519 --> 00:01:47,919
Wakati huo huo, mtu huyu ni mmoja wao wahalifu wakubwa katika historia.

24
00:01:51,359 --> 00:01:55,760
Aliwachinja watu wake mwenyewe na ukatili usio na kikomo.

25
00:02:00,439 --> 00:02:03,439
“Tutaangamiza bila huruma mtu yeyote anayetishia ukweli”

26
00:02:03,480 --> 00:02:06,439
"au hata kupitia mawazo, umoja wa Serikali.”

27
00:02:09,360 --> 00:02:10,839
Aliweka Gulag

28
00:02:11,399 --> 00:02:13,080
na kufanywa mtumwa

29
00:02:13,919 --> 00:02:15,360
watu milioni 18.

30
00:02:17,919 --> 00:02:20,399
"Lazima ukate wanachama wa chama haribifu”

31
00:02:20,479 --> 00:02:23,118
"kuihifadhi na magonjwa na maambukizo."

32
00:02:28,118 --> 00:02:33,399
Kwa kejeli alisababisha njaa ambayo ilisababisha vifo milioni saba.

33
00:02:35,199 --> 00:02:37,080
"Kifo husuluhisha maswala yote."

34
00:02:37,758 --> 00:02:39,758
"Hakuna watu, hakuna shida."

35
00:02:42,800 --> 00:02:45,919
Aliitoa familia yake kwa uwezo wake mwenyewe.

36
00:02:49,439 --> 00:02:52,319
"Bolshevik wa kweli hatakiwi kuwa na familia."

37
00:02:56,719 --> 00:02:59,080
Tutakuambia kuhusu hadithi ya ajabu

38
00:02:59,599 --> 00:03:01,478
ya huyu mtoto wa fundi mdogo,

39
00:03:01,639 --> 00:03:05,199
ambaye alikua mmoja wa wenye nguvu zaidi haiba kwenye sayari.

40
00:03:07,080 --> 00:03:09,240
Tutakuambia jinsi mtu huyu,

41
00:03:09,679 --> 00:03:11,879
ambaye alisema analeta furaha kwa watu wake

42
00:03:12,479 --> 00:03:14,880
ikawa, kwa dint ya megalomania

43
00:03:15,360 --> 00:03:16,679
na ushabiki,

44
00:03:17,000 --> 00:03:19,080
mmoja wa madikteta wabaya zaidi

45
00:03:19,520 --> 00:03:21,800
ambayo wanadamu wanayajua.

46
00:03:36,679 --> 00:03:38,118
Mwaka wa 1924,

47
00:03:38,838 --> 00:03:40,240
ni wakati yote yalianza.

48
00:03:43,558 --> 00:03:45,520
Tuko karibu na Moscow,

49
00:03:46,118 --> 00:03:47,439
katikati ya msimu wa baridi wa Urusi.

50
00:03:50,278 --> 00:03:52,960
Lenin, baba ya Mapinduzi ya Bolshevik

51
00:03:53,520 --> 00:03:54,360
amekufa tu.

52
00:03:57,240 --> 00:03:59,919
Ni moja ya filamu za kwanza ambapo Stalin ana jukumu la nyota.

53
00:04:03,758 --> 00:04:07,478
Amebeba jeneza la mpishi pamoja na maafisa wa soviet.

54
00:04:11,838 --> 00:04:13,000
Stalin ana umri wa miaka 46.

55
00:04:14,838 --> 00:04:17,278
Yeye ni katibu mkuu wa Chama cha Kikomunisti,

56
00:04:18,199 --> 00:04:20,199
chapisho lililofutwa kwa kiasi.

57
00:04:23,439 --> 00:04:24,480
Miongoni mwa wenzake,

58
00:04:25,160 --> 00:04:29,399
hakuna mtu anayeweza kufikiria kuwa atakuwa yule wa kumrithi Lenin mkuu.

59
00:04:31,639 --> 00:04:33,479
Hawajui kuwa miaka kumi kutoka sasa,

60
00:04:34,000 --> 00:04:38,160
Atakuwa nazo karibu zote kukamatwa na kunyongwa.

61
00:04:41,920 --> 00:04:42,799
Kati yao,

62
00:04:43,358 --> 00:04:47,519
hakuna anayejua bado Joseph Stalin ni nani.

63
00:04:53,838 --> 00:04:57,000
Kwa wenzake, yeye ni mhusika asiye na maana.

64
00:05:00,319 --> 00:05:01,558
Mmoja wao akasema,

65
00:05:02,959 --> 00:05:05,838
"Stalin ndiye zaidi unyenyekevu mkubwa wa chama chetu.”

66
00:05:07,879 --> 00:05:11,678
Mwingine alithibitisha: "Hatuogopi Stalin."

67
00:05:12,838 --> 00:05:16,319
"Mara tu atataka kupata juu ya farasi wake mkuu, tutamwondoa.”

68
00:05:19,720 --> 00:05:22,160
Kwa muda mrefu sasa, Stalin amekuwa kuficha nia yake halisi.

69
00:05:27,678 --> 00:05:29,678
Jina lake halisi ni Iosif Djugashvili.

70
00:05:31,358 --> 00:05:34,838
Alizaliwa mwaka 1878, wakati wa Tsars.

71
00:05:36,519 --> 00:05:39,439
Utawala wa kifalme unaozingatia usawa

72
00:05:39,759 --> 00:05:41,439
na kujisalimisha kwa wafalme.

73
00:05:44,559 --> 00:05:45,920
Pamoja na utoto uliotumiwa katika umaskini,

74
00:05:48,119 --> 00:05:50,640
baba mlevi na mnyanyasaji,

75
00:05:53,199 --> 00:05:54,959
alikua na watawa wa Orthodox.

76
00:05:55,720 --> 00:05:59,000
Mapema sana, alijiunga vita dhidi ya mfalme

77
00:05:59,879 --> 00:06:01,558
na kuchukua jina Stalin,

78
00:06:02,278 --> 00:06:03,238
mtu wa chuma.

79
00:06:08,040 --> 00:06:09,278
Mnamo 1917,

80
00:06:10,119 --> 00:06:14,079
Alishiriki Mapinduzi makubwa ya Bolshevik na Lenin

81
00:06:14,119 --> 00:06:16,040
ambayo ilipindua mfalme,

82
00:06:16,920 --> 00:06:18,600
mapendeleo yaliyofutwa,

83
00:06:19,759 --> 00:06:21,759
na kuwapa watu uwezo.

84
00:06:26,358 --> 00:06:27,519
Katika kivuli cha Lenin,

85
00:06:27,559 --> 00:06:30,480
alikuwa anasubiri tu kwa nafasi ya kuchukua madaraka.

86
00:06:33,358 --> 00:06:35,159
Kifo cha Lenin kilikuwa fursa hiyo.

87
00:06:36,639 --> 00:06:39,759
Mnamo 1924, alifanikiwa. kwa hila ndani ya chama,

88
00:06:39,798 --> 00:06:42,719
kumtenga mhusika mkuu kwa sasa,

89
00:06:43,639 --> 00:06:44,479
Trotsky,

90
00:06:45,678 --> 00:06:47,798
kabla ya kumpeleka Kazakhstan.

91
00:06:53,319 --> 00:06:54,959
Hakuna mtu aliyeiona inakuja,

92
00:06:56,600 --> 00:07:00,519
lakini wiki chache baadaye, Stalin alichukua madaraka.

93
00:07:01,600 --> 00:07:02,838
Hataiacha tena.

94
00:07:05,358 --> 00:07:07,199
Alichagua kukaa hapa,

95
00:07:07,720 --> 00:07:09,279
katika ngome ya Kremlin,

96
00:07:09,319 --> 00:07:11,040
ikulu ya zamani ya tsars.

97
00:07:13,040 --> 00:07:15,720
Ni kutoka huko ataongoza USSR,

98
00:07:16,399 --> 00:07:19,079
Muungano wa Jamhuri za Wanajamii wa Kisovieti,

99
00:07:20,278 --> 00:07:21,920
nchi kubwa zaidi ya sayari.

100
00:07:25,920 --> 00:07:28,319
Na watu wachache nani atamfuata kwa upofu

101
00:07:28,358 --> 00:07:29,959
kwa takriban miaka 30.

102
00:07:31,119 --> 00:07:32,679
Alitaka kwenda mbali zaidi,

103
00:07:33,399 --> 00:07:34,959
zaidi ya Lenin.

104
00:07:36,838 --> 00:07:38,798
Alitaka kuandika upya historia

105
00:07:39,600 --> 00:07:42,000
na azimio lake lilikuwa kamili.

106
00:07:44,920 --> 00:07:49,119
"Sisi Wabolshevik, sisi ni uzao maalum."

107
00:07:51,000 --> 00:07:53,160
"Nyingine hazina thamani, hazina thamani hata kidogo.”

108
00:07:54,600 --> 00:07:56,200
"Usiwe na shaka, wandugu."

109
00:07:57,238 --> 00:07:59,919
"Kwa wafanyikazi, niko tayari kujitolea”

110
00:08:00,319 --> 00:08:04,159
"nguvu zangu zote na kila tone la damu yangu.”

111
00:08:14,480 --> 00:08:16,600
Stalin alitaka slate safi ya siku za nyuma.

112
00:08:23,199 --> 00:08:25,879
Alifuta ghafla athari za Urusi ya zamani

113
00:08:25,920 --> 00:08:28,079
kwamba mapinduzi yameokoa.

114
00:08:32,479 --> 00:08:36,119
Alipitisha amri inayosema dini ni kinyume na maslahi ya wananchi.

115
00:08:41,798 --> 00:08:42,718
Nchini kote,

116
00:08:43,320 --> 00:08:45,719
aliondoa sanamu za zamani za Orthodox,

117
00:08:46,519 --> 00:08:47,678
kabla ya kuwaangamiza.

118
00:08:55,359 --> 00:08:56,799
Badala ya utaratibu wa zamani,

119
00:08:57,399 --> 00:08:59,798
alikuwa na mradi mkali ambao ulikuwa

120
00:09:04,000 --> 00:09:05,558
kujenga Ukomunisti.

121
00:09:09,759 --> 00:09:13,798
Jamii bora, yenye furaha na afya.

122
00:09:16,399 --> 00:09:17,798
Bila tajiri wala masikini.

123
00:09:21,599 --> 00:09:23,280
Ulimwengu ambao kila kitu kinashirikiwa,

124
00:09:24,239 --> 00:09:26,440
ambapo kila mtu ana nafasi sawa wakati wa kuzaliwa,

125
00:09:27,080 --> 00:09:30,200
Ambapo afya na elimu zinapatikana kwa wote.

126
00:09:34,239 --> 00:09:37,840
Kwa Umoja wa Soviet, ana tamaa isiyo na kikomo.

127
00:09:40,960 --> 00:09:45,080
"Urusi ya zamani imekuwa ikishindwa kila wakati kwa sababu ya kuchelewa kwake.”

128
00:09:46,279 --> 00:09:49,279
“Kupunguza mwendo maana yake ni kubaki nyuma.”

129
00:09:51,239 --> 00:09:53,038
"Na watashindwa walio potea."

130
00:09:54,038 --> 00:09:55,598
"Sisi, katika Umoja wa Soviet,"

131
00:09:55,879 --> 00:09:57,759
“hatutaki kushindwa tena! ”

132
00:10:03,840 --> 00:10:05,679
Alizindua maeneo makubwa ya ujenzi.

133
00:10:06,639 --> 00:10:07,519
Skyscrapers,

134
00:10:08,080 --> 00:10:08,960
njia za chini ya ardhi,

135
00:10:09,599 --> 00:10:10,479
reli,

136
00:10:10,918 --> 00:10:11,759
mabwawa,

137
00:10:13,440 --> 00:10:14,520
mitambo ya nguvu.

138
00:10:20,239 --> 00:10:22,879
Alitaka kuifanya Urusi kuwa ya kisasa kwa kasi kamili

139
00:10:23,879 --> 00:10:26,359
Ili awe paradiso kwa wafanyikazi.

140
00:10:28,158 --> 00:10:30,119
Ulimwengu ambao ukosefu wa ajira haupo.

141
00:10:33,599 --> 00:10:38,599
na ambapo kila mfanyakazi anaweza kutoa maisha ya heshima kwa familia yake.

142
00:10:43,879 --> 00:10:46,798
Ulimwengu ambao Stalin anakaa nafasi ya kwanza.

143
00:10:48,359 --> 00:10:51,080
Sisi, waanzilishi wa nchi kubwa,

144
00:10:51,158 --> 00:10:53,399
askari wa chama, daima tayari!

145
00:10:54,320 --> 00:10:57,000
Tunakushukuru Stalin

146
00:10:57,038 --> 00:11:00,319
kwa furaha hiyo unaipatia nchi yetu.

147
00:11:04,759 --> 00:11:07,119
Stalin ndiye kiongozi wa Wakomunisti.

148
00:11:08,558 --> 00:11:09,959
Picha yake iko kila mahali.

149
00:11:11,000 --> 00:11:12,000
Katika viwanda,

150
00:11:13,399 --> 00:11:14,319
kwenye treni,

151
00:11:15,479 --> 00:11:17,119
katika kila darasa,

152
00:11:18,719 --> 00:11:20,359
na hata kwenye vyumba vya kulia chakula.

153
00:11:24,239 --> 00:11:27,759
Lazima awe mkamilifu kwa sababu anaonyesha mafanikio ya ukomunisti.

154
00:11:31,918 --> 00:11:34,478
Yeye binafsi alirekebisha wasifu wake rasmi,

155
00:11:34,519 --> 00:11:36,519
na mamilioni ya nakala kuuzwa.

156
00:11:39,719 --> 00:11:42,799
Juu ya nakala, aliongeza barua iliyoandikwa kwa mkono:

157
00:11:43,879 --> 00:11:45,200
"Ongeza sentensi:"

158
00:11:45,639 --> 00:11:50,960
"Stalin ndiye nahodha mkuu wa nyakati zote na watu.”

159
00:11:57,158 --> 00:12:00,239
Kweli, Stalin halisi ni ya kawaida zaidi.

160
00:12:01,798 --> 00:12:03,798
Ana futi 5'3 tu.

161
00:12:04,399 --> 00:12:06,718
Anavaa viatu vyake vya kisigino.

162
00:12:07,840 --> 00:12:10,239
Mara nyingi anasimama kwenye sahani ndogo ya mbao

163
00:12:10,279 --> 00:12:12,358
hiyo inamfanya aonekane mrefu zaidi.

164
00:12:15,200 --> 00:12:17,080
Tazama picha hii ya kipekee.

165
00:12:17,479 --> 00:12:18,759
Ni uso wake halisi.

166
00:12:19,759 --> 00:12:23,599
Ngozi yake ni pocky kwa sababu alikuwa na ndui akiwa na umri wa miaka saba

167
00:12:24,879 --> 00:12:26,759
lakini cha kushangaza, hadharani,

168
00:12:27,639 --> 00:12:29,439
alikuwa na ngozi safi.

169
00:12:32,960 --> 00:12:36,239
Bwana mpya wa Kremlin ni siri kwa watu wake.

170
00:12:37,719 --> 00:12:39,719
Anatumia muda wake kujifungia ofisini kwake

171
00:12:40,158 --> 00:12:43,080
na anaficha kwa wivu maisha yake ya faragha.

172
00:12:48,038 --> 00:12:51,558
Hizi ndizo picha pekee zilizosalia mke wake, Nadezhda,

173
00:12:52,759 --> 00:12:56,359
Alikuwa mshirika wa zamani wa mieleka, Miaka 22 mdogo wake.

174
00:12:59,359 --> 00:13:02,000
Alikuwa na watoto wawili na Nadejda,

175
00:13:02,719 --> 00:13:04,440
Vasili na Svetlana

176
00:13:07,119 --> 00:13:08,798
Alitumia muda kidogo kwao,

177
00:13:09,279 --> 00:13:11,158
lakini kwa msichana wake mdogo, alionyesha

178
00:13:11,639 --> 00:13:13,639
kuvutia kweli.

179
00:13:16,719 --> 00:13:17,760
“Nimekukumbuka, baba.”

180
00:13:17,798 --> 00:13:20,439
“Sijali kama ulimwengu wote unanichukia.”

181
00:13:25,320 --> 00:13:28,320
"Ikiwa baba ataniuliza kwenda mwezini, nitaenda.”

182
00:13:33,080 --> 00:13:37,000
Picha chache zinatuonyesha Stalin katika wakati wake wa kupumzika.

183
00:13:37,038 --> 00:13:38,960
Wakati wa likizo ya majira ya joto,

184
00:13:39,399 --> 00:13:42,879
Wakati anachukua wasaidizi wake kwenye Bahari Nyeusi katika majengo ya kifahari ya chama.

185
00:13:48,918 --> 00:13:52,718
Ekaterina Voroshilov, mke wa mmoja wa wajumbe wake,

186
00:13:53,200 --> 00:13:54,119
anakumbuka hilo

187
00:13:55,719 --> 00:13:58,200
"Stalin alipenda safari za asili."

188
00:14:00,558 --> 00:14:04,118
“Angetufukuza huko na tungekaa karibu na mto.”

189
00:14:06,599 --> 00:14:07,759
"Tutawasha moto,"

190
00:14:08,038 --> 00:14:11,279
"choma nyama huku ukicheza na kuimba."

191
00:14:14,200 --> 00:14:15,840
"Kwa kweli ilikuwa nyakati nzuri."

192
00:14:22,759 --> 00:14:23,599
Tatizo ni kwamba,

193
00:14:24,200 --> 00:14:26,679
kwa Stalin, tangu miaka ya mapema,

194
00:14:27,080 --> 00:14:29,000
habari mbaya zinaongezeka.

195
00:14:30,719 --> 00:14:32,799
Siasa zake zilikatisha tamaa.

196
00:14:36,798 --> 00:14:39,319
Kwa kuzidisha miradi mikubwa ya viwanda,

197
00:14:39,519 --> 00:14:42,038
Stalin alijitolea maisha yake ya kila siku.

198
00:14:44,080 --> 00:14:46,038
Idadi ya watu wa Urusi iliongezeka,

199
00:14:47,279 --> 00:14:50,238
bado hakuna vifaa vya makazi zilipatikana.

200
00:14:54,279 --> 00:14:57,079
Familia zililazimika kuhamia pamoja

201
00:14:57,479 --> 00:14:59,520
katika vyumba vinavyohitajika

202
00:15:00,320 --> 00:15:03,039
na kuchukua nafasi zote ndogo.

203
00:15:07,840 --> 00:15:09,559
Hali ya maisha ilizidi kuzorota.

204
00:15:13,399 --> 00:15:14,239
Kama ushahidi,

205
00:15:14,359 --> 00:15:17,559
picha hizi zilizopigwa kwa siri kwenye mitaa ya Moscow.

206
00:15:19,558 --> 00:15:23,879
ni moja ya uthibitisho adimu ya umaskini mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1930.

207
00:15:28,038 --> 00:15:31,119
Ni mwanamke huyu tajiri wa Kiingereza, Lady Mountbatten,

208
00:15:31,558 --> 00:15:34,558
ambaye wakati wa safari, kumbukumbu na kamera yake binafsi.

209
00:15:36,840 --> 00:15:39,119
"Kila mahali ninaona dalili za utapiamlo."

210
00:15:41,320 --> 00:15:44,080
"Niliambiwa kuwa mtu huyu anayesakata kwenye mikebe ya takataka”

211
00:15:44,119 --> 00:15:45,759
"alikuwa mwanaharakati wa zamani."

212
00:15:47,719 --> 00:15:51,080
"Na kwamba huyu alikuwa mwalimu maarufu wakati wa mfalme."

213
00:15:54,320 --> 00:15:56,159
"Huyu hapa ni mvulana mdogo ambaye alikuwa peke yake"

214
00:15:56,918 --> 00:15:58,519
"na ni nani aliyeniomba msaada."

215
00:16:02,599 --> 00:16:05,000
"Madirisha ya duka ni karibu tupu."

216
00:16:08,320 --> 00:16:11,000
"Zaidi ya yote, foleni hazina mwisho."

217
00:16:14,200 --> 00:16:17,400
"Katika foleni, wengine wamebaki wakisubiri siku nzima,”

218
00:16:17,918 --> 00:16:19,399
"hakuwezi kununua chochote."

219
00:16:23,599 --> 00:16:28,559
Katika USSR, ndoto ya kikomunisti tayari inaanguka chini

220
00:16:34,000 --> 00:16:37,279
lakini huko Kremlin, Stalin hataki kusikia chochote.

221
00:16:39,639 --> 00:16:41,879
Kwa ajili yake, hakuna kitu kinachoitwa kushindwa.

222
00:16:43,200 --> 00:16:46,320
mfumo ulikuwa mbovu kwa sababu sera yao ilikuwa inahujumiwa.

223
00:16:49,080 --> 00:16:52,280
Alikuwa anatafuta wahalifu miongoni mwa maafisa wa uchumi.

224
00:16:55,798 --> 00:16:57,478
Kama dawati la fedha,

225
00:16:57,918 --> 00:17:00,279
Bryukhanov, hiyo anajiona hana uwezo,

226
00:17:00,798 --> 00:17:03,558
na ambaye mshirika alichora katika nafasi isiyo ya kawaida.

227
00:17:08,400 --> 00:17:11,719
Pembeni, Stalin aliandika;

228
00:17:12,759 --> 00:17:15,838
"Kwa dhambi zake zote zilizopita na za sasa,"

229
00:17:16,719 --> 00:17:19,318
"Angalia Briukhanov kutoka kwa korodani."

230
00:17:20,078 --> 00:17:21,318
"Ikiwa watasimama,"

231
00:17:21,640 --> 00:17:24,319
"zingatia kuwa imeachiliwa na mahakama."

232
00:17:25,358 --> 00:17:28,958
"Kama watakata tamaa, kuwatupa mtoni.”

233
00:17:31,479 --> 00:17:33,479
Stalin alikuwa akitania nusu tu.

234
00:17:35,000 --> 00:17:36,078
Mnamo 1930,

235
00:17:37,199 --> 00:17:40,800
Alivumbua mbinu kuwataja rasmi wahusika.

236
00:17:43,039 --> 00:17:44,358
Kesi ya kisiasa.

237
00:17:53,239 --> 00:17:54,959
Washtakiwa walikuwa wanasayansi,

238
00:17:56,160 --> 00:17:57,119
wahandisi,

239
00:17:58,118 --> 00:17:59,399
viongozi wakuu.

240
00:18:01,358 --> 00:18:02,718
Wote walikuwa na uwezo,

241
00:18:03,279 --> 00:18:06,719
lakini Stalin aliwashtaki kuhujumu uchumi wa Soviet.

242
00:18:10,959 --> 00:18:13,279
Simama!

243
00:18:14,479 --> 00:18:16,439
Stalin mwenyewe hayupo kwenye mijadala,

244
00:18:17,000 --> 00:18:19,799
bali alimweka kuwa mwamuzi mmoja wa wafuasi wake,

245
00:18:20,358 --> 00:18:21,799
Andrei Vyshinsky.

246
00:18:23,160 --> 00:18:26,400
Akamwambia sentensi kutamka, kifo.

247
00:18:30,719 --> 00:18:34,559
Natangaza kikao wa mahakama maalum

248
00:18:34,640 --> 00:18:39,239
wa Serikali ya Muungano ya Jamhuri ya Kisoshalisti ya Soviet kufunguliwa.

249
00:18:39,318 --> 00:18:42,279
Ili kesi ionekane kuwa ya kuaminika machoni pa umma,

250
00:18:42,358 --> 00:18:44,559
Ilikuwa ni lazima hivyo washtakiwa wanakiri kosa lao.

251
00:18:45,959 --> 00:18:49,599
Waliteswa kwa wiki na kwa kweli sikuwa na chaguo.

252
00:18:52,078 --> 00:18:55,959
Ninasemaje hili, tayari ninayo nilieleza hili katika taarifa yangu ya mwisho

253
00:18:56,000 --> 00:19:00,680
kwamba hisia zangu za kupinga mapinduzi kuhusu nguvu ya Soviet

254
00:19:00,759 --> 00:19:04,400
hakuwahi kuniacha kabisa.

255
00:19:04,959 --> 00:19:06,880
Nalikubali hili kabisa

256
00:19:06,920 --> 00:19:08,239
Nakiri kuwa...

257
00:19:08,279 --> 00:19:11,160
Ninastahili adhabu mbaya zaidi.

258
00:19:12,118 --> 00:19:15,118
Kwa mwendesha mashtaka, sasa ni kipande cha keki.

259
00:19:15,199 --> 00:19:17,920
Serikali inakutia hatiani

260
00:19:17,959 --> 00:19:21,880
na kuomba washtakiwa wapigwe risasi.

261
00:19:22,078 --> 00:19:24,279
Baada ya siku kadhaa za majadiliano,

262
00:19:25,039 --> 00:19:26,639
hakimu akatoa hukumu.

263
00:19:28,680 --> 00:19:31,239
Alijua kwamba Stalin alikuwa akiangalia utendaji wake,

264
00:19:33,838 --> 00:19:35,958
kwa hivyo hisia fulani.

265
00:19:38,199 --> 00:19:40,439
Kalininkov Ivan Andreyevich,

266
00:19:40,680 --> 00:19:44,680
kulingana na vifungu 583, 584, 586 na 5811 ya Kanuni ya USSR,

267
00:19:44,838 --> 00:19:48,958
Umoja wa Soviet unakupa sentensi ya juu zaidi.

268
00:19:49,078 --> 00:19:52,279
Kupigwa risasi na kunyang'anywa ya mali zako zote.

269
00:19:54,799 --> 00:19:57,159
Hukumu yao itabadilishwa hadi miaka kumi jela.

270
00:19:58,680 --> 00:20:00,078
Lakini ujumbe uko wazi,

271
00:20:00,598 --> 00:20:04,879
Wale wanaopinga Stalin watapondwa kikatili.

272
00:20:09,519 --> 00:20:11,039
na wapendwa wao pia,

273
00:20:11,199 --> 00:20:12,959
Stalin anakuwa mkatili.

274
00:20:14,160 --> 00:20:18,920
Uhusiano wake na mtoto wake mkubwa Yakov, mzaliwa wa muungano wa kwanza, akageuka kuwa baridi.

275
00:20:19,759 --> 00:20:22,160
Hivi majuzi alijaribu kujiua.

276
00:20:23,160 --> 00:20:25,599
Baba yake hakuonyesha huruma.

277
00:20:27,880 --> 00:20:29,959
"hakuweza hata kupiga shabaha."

278
00:20:31,920 --> 00:20:34,119
“Siwezi kuwa na kitu sawa naye.”

279
00:20:40,078 --> 00:20:42,598
Uhusiano wa Stalin pia haikuwa ikifanya vizuri.

280
00:20:45,199 --> 00:20:46,800
Mke wake, Nadezhda, ni dhaifu.

281
00:20:47,838 --> 00:20:51,198
Alikemewa mara kwa mara na mumewe.

282
00:20:53,680 --> 00:20:56,119
Wakati wa mzozo ambapo Stalin alimtukana,

283
00:20:56,959 --> 00:20:57,880
Yeye got kubebwa mbali.

284
00:21:00,598 --> 00:21:01,718
"Wewe ni mnyongaji."

285
00:21:02,519 --> 00:21:03,680
“Ndivyo ulivyo.”

286
00:21:05,199 --> 00:21:09,439
“Unamtesa mwanao mwenyewe, mke wako, watu wa Urusi."

287
00:21:11,160 --> 00:21:13,119
"Haiwezekani kuishi na wewe."

288
00:21:15,078 --> 00:21:19,399
Baada ya miaka 14 pamoja, Nadejda hana nguvu tena.

289
00:21:25,318 --> 00:21:26,399
Jioni moja ya msimu wa baridi,

290
00:21:27,000 --> 00:21:30,799
baada ya ugomvi mwingine wakati mapokezi rasmi katika Kremlin,

291
00:21:31,920 --> 00:21:33,599
Nadezhda akarudi chumbani kwake

292
00:21:34,759 --> 00:21:37,479
na kujiua na risasi ya bastola moyoni.

293
00:21:43,279 --> 00:21:45,639
Ukweli utabaki kufichwa kwa miaka 60.

294
00:21:48,920 --> 00:21:52,680
Warusi waliambiwa hivyo Nadezhda alikufa kutokana na appendicitis.

295
00:21:54,640 --> 00:21:56,400
Kwa sababu, kulingana na viongozi wa kikomunisti,

296
00:21:57,078 --> 00:21:58,759
kujiua kunachukuliwa kuwa uhaini.

297
00:22:04,559 --> 00:22:07,759
Hata rafiki yake Paolina Molotov alilaani.

298
00:22:10,759 --> 00:22:11,920
"Nadezhda alikuwa na makosa."

299
00:22:13,479 --> 00:22:15,920
"Aliondoka Stalin katika kipindi kigumu kama hiki.”

300
00:22:19,759 --> 00:22:21,719
Stalin hakukaa kwenye mazishi,

301
00:22:22,400 --> 00:22:23,959
alifadhaika sana.

302
00:22:25,799 --> 00:22:26,680
"Ah Nadezhda,"

303
00:22:28,078 --> 00:22:31,279
"Nadezhda, inapohitajika kwako, watoto wako na mimi.”

304
00:22:33,400 --> 00:22:35,359
"Ameniacha kama adui."

305
00:22:37,358 --> 00:22:39,039
"Alinifanya kuwa kilema."

306
00:22:41,959 --> 00:22:43,479
“Ameniharibia maisha! ”

307
00:22:51,519 --> 00:22:52,719
Katika USSR,

308
00:22:53,118 --> 00:22:55,399
Hakuna kitakachokuwa sawa tena.

309
00:22:59,439 --> 00:23:00,759
Stalin alikuwa mkatili,

310
00:23:01,838 --> 00:23:04,318
kuanzia sasa atakuwa hana huruma.

311
00:23:07,959 --> 00:23:12,359
Walengwa wake wa kwanza walikuwa wakulima ambao walikataa kutoa ardhi yao kwa serikali

312
00:23:13,279 --> 00:23:14,959
na kujiunga na kolkhozes,

313
00:23:16,039 --> 00:23:19,199
hivi vyama vikubwa vya ushirika wapi kila kitu kinashirikiwa,

314
00:23:20,199 --> 00:23:21,560
chini ya udhibiti wa chama.

315
00:23:27,078 --> 00:23:27,919
Ili kuwadhuru,

316
00:23:28,078 --> 00:23:30,759
Stalin alituma maafisa wa polisi kuzunguka mashambani

317
00:23:31,719 --> 00:23:33,318
na kuomba mazao.

318
00:23:37,199 --> 00:23:40,880
Dhamira yao ni kukosa hewa familia zinazopinga sera zake.

319
00:23:43,559 --> 00:23:44,399
Mateso,

320
00:23:45,078 --> 00:23:45,919
r****,

321
00:23:46,598 --> 00:23:47,479
mauaji.

322
00:23:49,160 --> 00:23:50,560
Hakuna kitu kingeweza kuwazuia.

323
00:23:51,199 --> 00:23:53,279
Mmoja wa polisi hawa ni Lev Kopelev.

324
00:23:58,118 --> 00:24:00,279
"Nilishiriki katika safari hizi."

325
00:24:01,118 --> 00:24:03,478
"Kuchunguza ardhi kugundua maficho.”

326
00:24:06,799 --> 00:24:09,598
"Nilimwaga vifurushi, huku nikijilazimisha kutosikia.”

327
00:24:09,640 --> 00:24:12,479
“machozi ya watoto na maombolezo ya wanawake.”

328
00:24:16,358 --> 00:24:17,478
"Kila kitu kiliruhusiwa."

329
00:24:18,160 --> 00:24:19,040
"Uharibifu,"

330
00:24:20,400 --> 00:24:21,239
"uongo,"

331
00:24:23,000 --> 00:24:23,838
"wizi."

332
00:24:25,519 --> 00:24:27,519
"Mwisho ulihalalisha njia."

333
00:24:28,959 --> 00:24:31,839
"Lengo letu lilikuwa ushindi wa ulimwengu mzima wa ukomunisti.”

334
00:24:37,680 --> 00:24:40,519
1933, mwaka wa matokeo.

335
00:24:43,838 --> 00:24:47,639
Maombi ya Stalin ilisababisha msiba huko Ukraine.

336
00:24:49,759 --> 00:24:52,640
Moja ya mikoa tajiri zaidi barani Ulaya,

337
00:24:53,318 --> 00:24:56,279
tayari ilikuwa imeharibiwa na njaa katika miaka ya 1920,

338
00:24:56,959 --> 00:24:57,839
chini ya Lenin.

339
00:25:00,680 --> 00:25:01,560
Lakini wakati huu,

340
00:25:02,160 --> 00:25:05,959
kuchinja kulichukua urefu usiofikirika.

341
00:25:08,640 --> 00:25:10,599
Wakulima hawakuwa nao tena kitu cha kula.

342
00:25:14,078 --> 00:25:16,078
Baba alimwandikia mtoto wake huko Moscow.

343
00:25:18,519 --> 00:25:19,920
“Mwanangu mpendwa,”

344
00:25:20,920 --> 00:25:23,680
“Ninakuandikia kukuambia kuwa mama yako amekufa."

345
00:25:25,000 --> 00:25:27,799
"Alikufa kwa njaa baada ya miezi mingi ya mateso.”

346
00:25:28,959 --> 00:25:31,318
"Sina muda mwingi uliobaki mwenyewe."

347
00:25:34,598 --> 00:25:36,879
Baadhi ya wanachama wa chama hicho wakiwa kwenye tovuti

348
00:25:36,920 --> 00:25:39,800
sikuelewa kwamba njaa hii inajulikana

349
00:25:39,838 --> 00:25:42,039
na hata alitaka Stalin.

350
00:25:44,199 --> 00:25:45,160
Walipinga.

351
00:25:46,479 --> 00:25:48,160
"Je, rafiki Stalin,"

352
00:25:50,160 --> 00:25:52,400
"mwanachama wa Politburo."

353
00:25:52,439 --> 00:25:54,400
"Je, anafahamu nini kinaendelea katika Ukraine? ”

354
00:25:55,719 --> 00:25:57,799
"Vinginevyo, ngoja nikudokeze."

355
00:25:59,118 --> 00:26:02,838
“Treni iliyojaa maiti sasa hivi nimewasili Kiev.”

356
00:26:03,479 --> 00:26:07,359
"Baada ya kuokota miili njiani."

357
00:26:13,318 --> 00:26:14,159
Huko Moscow,

358
00:26:14,559 --> 00:26:19,759
Stalin alitaka kuondoa Ukrainians ambao walikuwa bado wanapinga sera zake.

359
00:26:22,318 --> 00:26:24,078
Alipiga marufuku wakulima wenye njaa

360
00:26:24,118 --> 00:26:27,238
kutoka katika vijiji vyao kufika kwenye miji mikubwa.

361
00:26:29,199 --> 00:26:30,519
Kwa dhamiri njema,

362
00:26:31,479 --> 00:26:34,559
alihukumu kifo cha watu milioni tano,

363
00:26:35,719 --> 00:26:37,239
nusu yao walikuwa watoto.

364
00:26:39,598 --> 00:26:42,479
Ni moja ya mauaji makubwa zaidi ya karne.

365
00:26:52,279 --> 00:26:53,199
Wakati huo huo,

366
00:26:53,920 --> 00:26:56,880
naibu wa Ufaransa Édouard Herriot aliwasili katika Ukraine

367
00:26:57,680 --> 00:26:59,959
walioalikwa na serikali ya Soviet.

368
00:27:02,519 --> 00:27:05,078
Ninatoa matakwa ya dhati

369
00:27:05,959 --> 00:27:08,719
kwa ustawi wa watu wa Urusi

370
00:27:09,920 --> 00:27:10,959
na ninatumaini

371
00:27:11,519 --> 00:27:14,318
kwamba safari yangu itakuwa ya manufaa

372
00:27:14,959 --> 00:27:17,959
kwa furaha yao na amani ya watu.

373
00:27:20,719 --> 00:27:23,000
Mwanaume wa Ufaransa na wajumbe waliofuatana naye

374
00:27:23,039 --> 00:27:24,598
alitembelea Ukraine kwa treni.

375
00:27:26,920 --> 00:27:28,160
Amefurahishwa na safari.

376
00:27:29,598 --> 00:27:31,000
"Nilivuka Ukraine."

377
00:27:31,799 --> 00:27:35,680
“Naweza kukuhakikishia hivyo Niliiona kama bustani yenye mavuno mengi.”

378
00:27:36,199 --> 00:27:41,039
"Kuna bustani za Kolkhoz tu, mazao ya umwagiliaji na ya kupendeza.”

379
00:27:44,199 --> 00:27:47,479
“Wakati inasemwa hivyo Ukraine inaangamizwa na njaa,”

380
00:27:47,519 --> 00:27:49,838
"Niruhusu ninyooshe mabega yangu."

381
00:27:54,160 --> 00:27:58,599
Mfaransa angewezaje kukosa mamilioni ya vifo?

382
00:28:02,479 --> 00:28:05,799
Kwa kweli, mitaa ilisafishwa kabla ya kuwasili kwake.

383
00:28:06,279 --> 00:28:09,559
Wafanyakazi ambao alikutana nao walikuwa wa ziada.

384
00:28:10,358 --> 00:28:12,358
Tulileta chakula.

385
00:28:14,759 --> 00:28:17,799
Édouard Herriot alidanganywa na propaganda.

386
00:28:20,039 --> 00:28:21,000
Huko Moscow,

387
00:28:21,039 --> 00:28:24,519
Utawala wa Stalin umejaa uwongo.

388
00:28:30,880 --> 00:28:34,599
Alitoa ujumbe kwa waandishi wa habari na watengenezaji filamu.

389
00:28:36,920 --> 00:28:41,119
Sio lazima kuelezea ulimwengu kama ilivyo, lakini inavyopaswa kuwa.

390
00:28:44,118 --> 00:28:45,478
Mavuno ni mabaya,

391
00:28:46,519 --> 00:28:49,639
Tuna wakulima wa kung'aa iliyorekodiwa katika nyanja za kupendeza.

392
00:28:53,759 --> 00:28:55,838
Matokeo ya viwanda ni ya kukatisha tamaa,

393
00:28:57,160 --> 00:29:00,479
Tunachapisha machapisho ya ushindi kwa vyombo vya habari na nambari za bandia.

394
00:29:02,880 --> 00:29:06,400
Tunavumbua mashujaa kama mchimbaji huyu maarufu,

395
00:29:06,838 --> 00:29:08,000
Alexei Stakhanov.

396
00:29:11,078 --> 00:29:14,519
Wakati wa mashindano, alivunjika rekodi ya tija

397
00:29:14,598 --> 00:29:17,759
kwa kuchimba mara 14 zaidi ya makaa ya mawe kuliko wengine.

398
00:29:21,000 --> 00:29:23,000
Hadithi hii ni ya uwongo kabisa.

399
00:29:23,719 --> 00:29:25,680
Iliundwa na chama,

400
00:29:27,160 --> 00:29:29,319
lakini ilisaidia kuwanyanyasa Wasovieti.

401
00:29:34,199 --> 00:29:38,079
Kweli, USSR sio haki tena jimbo kubwa la polisi.

402
00:29:39,519 --> 00:29:41,519
Mawakala wa Stalin wako kila mahali.

403
00:29:43,318 --> 00:29:44,959
Wanadhibiti kampuni nzima.

404
00:29:49,039 --> 00:29:50,879
Walipokea amri ya kutisha.

405
00:29:51,799 --> 00:29:54,000
Hawatawakamata washukiwa tu,

406
00:29:55,078 --> 00:29:56,519
lakini pia kuwafukuza.

407
00:29:58,880 --> 00:30:00,800
Kila mahali, maelfu ya wanaume,

408
00:30:01,239 --> 00:30:03,000
wanawake na watoto

409
00:30:03,039 --> 00:30:06,559
huwekwa katika makundi na kuchukuliwa kwa maeneo yasiyojulikana.

410
00:30:13,680 --> 00:30:14,880
Mtoto anakumbuka.

411
00:30:20,039 --> 00:30:21,920
“Safari ilichukua muda gani? ”

412
00:30:22,078 --> 00:30:23,479
"Sijui."

413
00:30:25,118 --> 00:30:27,838
"Katika gari, watu saba walikufa kwa njaa.”

414
00:30:30,759 --> 00:30:32,598
"Tulipowasili Tomsk,"

415
00:30:33,279 --> 00:30:36,118
“walitutoa nje na kuzishusha maiti.”

416
00:30:36,920 --> 00:30:38,439
"Watoto, vijana"

417
00:30:39,318 --> 00:30:40,199
"na wazee."

418
00:30:42,920 --> 00:30:44,759
Walielekea kwenye gulag,

419
00:30:44,838 --> 00:30:46,958
Kambi za kazi za Soviet.

420
00:30:50,439 --> 00:30:54,400
Zilikuwa kambi za mateso za kweli, iliyoanzishwa na Stalin,

421
00:30:54,959 --> 00:30:56,959
muda mrefu kabla ya kuonekana kwao Ujerumani.

422
00:31:03,078 --> 00:31:05,239
Hawa wote walikuwa maadui wa mapinduzi,

423
00:31:06,239 --> 00:31:08,078
angalau kwa mtazamo rasmi.

424
00:31:08,920 --> 00:31:09,800
Kweli,

425
00:31:10,318 --> 00:31:11,759
raia wa kawaida,

426
00:31:12,799 --> 00:31:13,680
watu mashuhuri,

427
00:31:14,559 --> 00:31:17,078
watu wa dini ambao hawana cha kulaumiwa

428
00:31:17,439 --> 00:31:19,920
lakini haiendani na utendaji kazi wa serikali.

429
00:31:23,199 --> 00:31:25,640
Wamechanganywa na wafungwa wa sheria za kawaida.

430
00:31:29,199 --> 00:31:30,199
Katika chama,

431
00:31:30,239 --> 00:31:32,959
Tunaita hiyo elimu upya kupitia kazi

432
00:31:33,920 --> 00:31:35,000
na tunajivunia.

433
00:31:41,000 --> 00:31:45,118
Hapa, roho potovu lazima zirudishwe kwenye mstari.

434
00:31:51,439 --> 00:31:55,680
Kwa kweli, wafungwa hawa wamegeuzwa kuwa watumwa.

435
00:32:02,239 --> 00:32:03,799
Katika kambi za Kaskazini ya Mbali,

436
00:32:04,318 --> 00:32:07,639
joto wakati mwingine huanguka chini hadi digrii 50.

437
00:32:09,039 --> 00:32:10,279
Mfungwa mmoja aliandika:

438
00:32:12,239 --> 00:32:14,318
"Ni hatari kuacha kusonga."

439
00:32:16,920 --> 00:32:21,079
“Siwezi kuacha kukanda vidole vyangu vya miguu na kukunja ngumi.”

440
00:32:23,199 --> 00:32:25,920
“Kitendo cha kugusa chombo cha chuma kwa mikono mitupu”

441
00:32:27,039 --> 00:32:28,598
"inaweza kung'oa ngozi yako."

442
00:32:33,239 --> 00:32:35,000
Maria Iov hawezi kuvumilia tena.

443
00:32:35,640 --> 00:32:37,439
Yeye ni mfungwa wa kisiasa.

444
00:32:40,400 --> 00:32:42,640
"Timu yetu inaundwa na wasomi,"

445
00:32:44,318 --> 00:32:48,159
"lakini kati ya hawa wanaotisha, nani atawatambua wapiga violin,”

446
00:32:48,680 --> 00:32:50,880
“wapiga vinubi, wanasayansi? ”

447
00:32:54,078 --> 00:32:58,639
"Tuko katika hali ya kudumu ya mshtuko na mshtuko."

448
00:33:08,078 --> 00:33:09,680
Mnamo Agosti 2, 1933.

449
00:33:10,160 --> 00:33:14,640
tukio lilionyesha ukatili na upuuzi wa mfumo.

450
00:33:21,519 --> 00:33:24,639
Siku hiyo, Mfereji wa Stalin ilikuwa inazinduliwa.

451
00:33:26,279 --> 00:33:28,719
Kilomita mia mbili ya njia za maji

452
00:33:28,759 --> 00:33:32,160
zinazounganishwa kutoka Nyeupe hadi Bahari ya Baltic.

453
00:33:37,000 --> 00:33:42,000
Na vichaa tu, Wafungwa 300,000 walichimba mfereji huu.

454
00:33:48,000 --> 00:33:51,799
Kipekee, Stalin alichagua kuhama.

455
00:33:54,039 --> 00:33:58,118
Alitaka kutengeneza mfereji ambao ungefanya kubeba jina lake, ishara ya mafanikio yake.

456
00:34:00,279 --> 00:34:02,279
Kinadharia, Ilikuwa kazi ya kiufundi.

457
00:34:02,959 --> 00:34:07,279
Tarehe ya mwisho ya ujenzi ya Mfereji wa Panama ilifupishwa.

458
00:34:10,159 --> 00:34:12,360
Kweli, ni janga jipya.

459
00:34:16,478 --> 00:34:21,799
Wafungwa elfu thelathini, au mmoja kati ya kumi, walikufa wakati wa ujenzi.

460
00:34:25,039 --> 00:34:26,438
Walikufa bure.

461
00:34:30,639 --> 00:34:32,280
Inaonekana ni ngumu kuamini,

462
00:34:32,360 --> 00:34:35,199
lakini kukutana na muda uliowekwa na Stalin,

463
00:34:35,438 --> 00:34:38,279
Chaneli haikuchimbwa kwa kina kabisa.

464
00:34:41,199 --> 00:34:44,239
Boti nyingi hazitawahi kuwa na uwezo wa kuazima.

465
00:34:52,000 --> 00:34:56,119
Nje ya nchi, tuko mbali na kufikiria hofu inayosababishwa na mfumo wa stalinist.

466
00:35:01,199 --> 00:35:02,639
Vyombo vya habari vingi vya Magharibi

467
00:35:02,679 --> 00:35:06,159
kurudia uwongo kutoka propaganda hadi burlesque.

468
00:35:07,398 --> 00:35:09,719
Wakati huo huo gulag inaendelea kila mahali,

469
00:35:10,679 --> 00:35:15,199
Hivi ndivyo habari za Ufaransa kuelezea gereza la zamani la tsar

470
00:35:15,398 --> 00:35:16,638
huko Siberia.

471
00:35:19,199 --> 00:35:24,438
Hapo zamani za kale, wanamapinduzi wa tsar walikuwa wamefungwa huko.

472
00:35:25,199 --> 00:35:27,719
Leo, serikali ya Soviet

473
00:35:27,760 --> 00:35:31,760
aliamua kutoa matumizi mengine ya eneo hili.

474
00:35:32,159 --> 00:35:36,800
Ufugaji mkubwa wa sungura sasa itafanyika huko

475
00:35:36,878 --> 00:35:41,360
chini ya saa wa taasisi maalum ya kisayansi.

476
00:35:54,039 --> 00:35:57,039
Kulewa na propaganda kila mwaka,

477
00:35:58,119 --> 00:36:00,719
Wajumbe wa Kikomunisti kutoka duniani kote

478
00:36:00,800 --> 00:36:02,399
na hasa kutoka Ufaransa,

479
00:36:02,719 --> 00:36:05,000
alikuja Moscow kusalimiana

480
00:36:05,559 --> 00:36:07,279
baba mdogo wa Peoples.

481
00:36:13,199 --> 00:36:14,918
Licha ya uhalifu wa Stalin,

482
00:36:15,239 --> 00:36:17,679
mikutano ya hadhara ilikuwa ikiongezeka kwa kasi,

483
00:36:18,478 --> 00:36:21,519
kama mwandishi wa Ufaransa Louis Aragon,

484
00:36:22,119 --> 00:36:24,638
ambaye sio tu anaidhinisha gulag,

485
00:36:25,360 --> 00:36:27,039
bali huimba sifa zake hadharani.

486
00:36:30,320 --> 00:36:33,760
"Baraza la babakabwela litafanya hivyo kufanya kazi hii ya kihistoria,”

487
00:36:34,398 --> 00:36:36,878
"ukarabati wa mwanadamu na mwanadamu."

488
00:36:38,438 --> 00:36:41,119
“Tupo kwa sasa katika historia ya wanadamu”

489
00:36:41,199 --> 00:36:44,159
"hiyo inaonekana kama katika kipindi cha mpito kutoka kwa nyani hadi mwanadamu.”

490
00:36:49,519 --> 00:36:52,519
Kwa Chama cha Bolshevik na kiongozi wake Stalin, hip hip hip!

491
00:36:52,679 --> 00:36:56,439
Hooray! Hip, hip, hip Hooray!

492
00:36:58,000 --> 00:37:00,320
Unaelezeaje ujinga kama huo?

493
00:37:02,000 --> 00:37:04,599
Katika Mkutano wa 1935 huko Moscow.

494
00:37:05,679 --> 00:37:09,119
Hotuba ya Maurice Thorez, kiongozi wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Ufaransa,

495
00:37:09,398 --> 00:37:10,679
alieleza kuwa

496
00:37:11,800 --> 00:37:14,840
Stalin alijibu kwa wafanyakazi kiburi chao.

497
00:37:16,559 --> 00:37:21,799
Sikiliza wandugu, kwa muda, Ilifanyika kwamba wafanyakazi wa kikomunisti

498
00:37:21,840 --> 00:37:25,159
sikujua jinsi ya kujibu katika viwanda,

499
00:37:25,679 --> 00:37:27,639
hawakujua jinsi ya kujitetea

500
00:37:27,760 --> 00:37:30,639
dhidi ya lawama hizo au tuhuma kama hizo.

501
00:37:30,958 --> 00:37:35,039
Kulikuwa na wakati ambapo, kwa sababu ya kukausha madhehebu,

502
00:37:35,360 --> 00:37:37,959
hawakuwa na namna ya kujibu.

503
00:37:38,000 --> 00:37:42,199
Hakukuwa na maelewano tena kati ya wao na umati mkubwa wa wafanyakazi.

504
00:37:42,478 --> 00:37:48,039
Sasa wanajivunia, wanazungumza, wakijibu, wakitoa hoja zao.

505
00:37:48,119 --> 00:37:52,958
Wanajulikana katika viwanda, wanasema wao ni wakomunisti,

506
00:37:53,000 --> 00:37:57,079
hao ndio waliojipanga Umoja wa Mbele na Mbele Maarufu.

507
00:37:58,679 --> 00:38:02,159
Tuna uhakika wa ushindi kwa sababu usukani wa meli yetu

508
00:38:02,199 --> 00:38:05,280
iko kwenye mikono thabiti wa rubani mkuu,

509
00:38:05,360 --> 00:38:07,159
ya mpendwa wetu na mkubwa Stalin.

510
00:38:08,679 --> 00:38:10,878
Amepofushwa na ukamilifu wake wa kikomunisti,

511
00:38:10,918 --> 00:38:12,398
Mfaransa hakuona,

512
00:38:12,958 --> 00:38:18,478
au hakutaka kutambua hilo Stalin alikuwa amehamia muda mrefu uliopita.

513
00:38:20,119 --> 00:38:23,638
Na kwamba kusudi lake pekee lilikuwa sasa ili kuimarisha nguvu zake.

514
00:38:25,159 --> 00:38:28,159
Stalin aliamua kuua kizazi kizima

515
00:38:28,199 --> 00:38:29,959
ambayo bado ilikuwa ikimtia kivuli.

516
00:38:34,559 --> 00:38:38,239
Kumbuka, mazishi ya Lenin mnamo 1924.

517
00:38:40,438 --> 00:38:44,079
Wengi wa waliobeba jeneza na Stalin lingekufa.

518
00:38:46,878 --> 00:38:50,679
Kamenev na Zinoviev, waliuawa.

519
00:38:53,280 --> 00:38:56,399
Tomski, akiongozwa na kujiua.

520
00:38:59,599 --> 00:39:02,000
Rikov, risasi.

521
00:39:03,478 --> 00:39:05,039
Radek, aliuawa.

522
00:39:09,679 --> 00:39:13,119
Stalin anapata raha katika kuwaua wapendwa wao.

523
00:39:15,559 --> 00:39:20,478
"Chagua mwathirika wako, Jitayarishe kwa uangalifu kwa mapinduzi."

524
00:39:21,438 --> 00:39:26,359
"Lipiza kisasi bila kuchoka kisha kwenda kulala.”

525
00:39:27,478 --> 00:39:29,438
“Hakuna kitu kitamu kuliko hiki katika dunia."

526
00:39:32,679 --> 00:39:36,878
Mnamo 1938, alishambulia mshirika wake wa karibu katika vita,

527
00:39:37,199 --> 00:39:38,760
mpenzi wake Bukharin.

528
00:39:42,119 --> 00:39:43,438
Amekuwa rafiki kwa miaka 15,

529
00:39:43,918 --> 00:39:46,559
lakini alithubutu kumpinga mara kadhaa.

530
00:39:49,639 --> 00:39:52,280
Machoni mwake, akawa adui.

531
00:39:55,918 --> 00:39:58,918
Ili kujiandaa kwa kuanguka wa mtu huyu mkubwa katika serikali,

532
00:39:59,719 --> 00:40:02,398
Ilianza Propaganda ya steamroller.

533
00:40:07,119 --> 00:40:10,039
Nchini kote, Tuna maoni kwamba

534
00:40:10,478 --> 00:40:16,359
njama hizi zilifanywa vikali na mawakala wa ubepari,

535
00:40:16,438 --> 00:40:21,279
mbwa wa ufashisti si mwingine ila Bukharin na wafanyakazi wake.

536
00:40:21,478 --> 00:40:26,958
Wandugu, ninacho kuwaambia ilithibitishwa na Stalin.

537
00:40:27,039 --> 00:40:30,199
Nchi yetu imezungukwa na maadui

538
00:40:30,280 --> 00:40:32,879
Ambao wanataka kuharibu nchi yetu na watu wetu.

539
00:40:33,159 --> 00:40:36,479
Kifo kwa maadui hawa, Kifo kwa vimelea hivi!

540
00:40:42,199 --> 00:40:44,119
Wakati huu huko Lubyanka,

541
00:40:44,199 --> 00:40:45,959
makao makuu ya polisi wa siri,

542
00:40:46,639 --> 00:40:48,639
Bukharin anateswa.

543
00:40:51,119 --> 00:40:54,438
Katika barua, anasihi rafiki yake wa zamani Stalin.

544
00:40:58,119 --> 00:41:01,119
“Ninakuandikia barua hii, ambayo pengine ndiyo ya mwisho.”

545
00:41:02,239 --> 00:41:05,918
“Moyo wangu unavuja damu nikifikiria hivyo Unaweza kufikiri kwamba nina hatia.”

546
00:41:10,000 --> 00:41:14,280
"Niko tayari kujikokota kwa magoti yangu na nakuomba uniondolee kesi hii.”

547
00:41:16,719 --> 00:41:18,438
"Ikiwa kifo kinaningoja,"

548
00:41:19,239 --> 00:41:21,719
“Nakuomba, kwa jina la kila kitu unachojali,”

549
00:41:22,320 --> 00:41:23,919
"usiniruhusu kupigwa risasi."

550
00:41:25,360 --> 00:41:27,719
"Ningependa kuchukua sumu."

551
00:41:28,878 --> 00:41:29,918
"Nakuomba."

552
00:41:35,159 --> 00:41:37,320
Hakika ni kifo kinachomngoja Bukharin.

553
00:41:38,639 --> 00:41:40,559
Mnamo Machi 2, 1938.

554
00:41:41,398 --> 00:41:44,559
Katika chumba kilichojaa wanachama polisi wa kisiasa,

555
00:41:44,918 --> 00:41:46,519
kesi yake ilianza.

556
00:41:48,559 --> 00:41:49,799
Ni utaratibu tu.

557
00:41:51,239 --> 00:41:54,000
Watu wetu wanataka kitu kimoja.

558
00:41:54,320 --> 00:41:57,280
Tunahitaji kuponda wadudu hawa!

559
00:42:00,840 --> 00:42:03,039
Bukharin yuko kwenye sanduku la washtakiwa,

560
00:42:03,639 --> 00:42:05,919
Lakini hakuna kilichobaki, hakuna picha yake.

561
00:42:06,320 --> 00:42:10,360
Hakufikiriwa kuwa mtulivu vya kutosha kutumika kwa propaganda.

562
00:42:11,878 --> 00:42:13,000
Atapigwa risasi

563
00:42:13,800 --> 00:42:15,719
na familia yake kufukuzwa.

564
00:42:24,280 --> 00:42:28,199
Usafishaji sasa unapanuka kwa familia zote za Umoja wa Kisovieti,

565
00:42:29,719 --> 00:42:30,918
bila ubaguzi.

566
00:42:33,559 --> 00:42:35,199
Stalin aliona maadui kila mahali.

567
00:42:36,478 --> 00:42:38,599
Akawa mbishi kabisa.

568
00:42:41,280 --> 00:42:43,560
Kwa wale anaowashuku wanatishia nguvu zake,

569
00:42:43,599 --> 00:42:45,279
alihimiza kupiga filimbi.

570
00:42:47,719 --> 00:42:51,438
Katika kila kijiji, ilibidi uwe tayari kumshutumu jirani yako

571
00:42:53,280 --> 00:42:55,360
na hata wazazi wako.

572
00:42:59,039 --> 00:43:00,519
Mvulana mdogo alishutumu

573
00:43:02,878 --> 00:43:05,398
“Kama painia, sina budi kukuambia hivyo.”

574
00:43:05,719 --> 00:43:09,000
"Baba yangu aliigiza njia ya kupinga mapinduzi."

575
00:43:11,519 --> 00:43:14,878
“Nami nakuuliza wewe si kama mwana, lakini kama mwanzilishi,”

576
00:43:14,918 --> 00:43:18,679
"kuwa mgumu jukumu la baba yangu.”

577
00:43:23,280 --> 00:43:25,199
Stalin alikuwa na mchungaji,

578
00:43:25,438 --> 00:43:26,759
Nikolai Yezhov,

579
00:43:26,878 --> 00:43:30,519
Jina la utani la kibete kwa sababu alikuwa na urefu wa futi 5'05 tu.

580
00:43:34,360 --> 00:43:36,120
Alikuwa bosi wa polisi wa siri.

581
00:43:40,320 --> 00:43:45,080
"Naweza kuwa mfupi lakini mikono yangu ina nguvu.”

582
00:43:46,840 --> 00:43:49,000
"Hii ni mikono ya Stalin."

583
00:43:50,599 --> 00:43:53,679
“Tunaanzisha mashambulizi kwa kiwango kikubwa dhidi ya adui.”

584
00:43:54,360 --> 00:43:56,199
"Kutakuwa na wahasiriwa wasio na hatia."

585
00:43:56,958 --> 00:43:59,519
"Unapokata msitu, chips kuruka mbali."

586
00:44:00,878 --> 00:44:03,319
Stalin alikuwa ameweka viwango vya utekelezaji.

587
00:44:04,559 --> 00:44:06,599
Kama ushahidi, hati hii ya kutisha.

588
00:44:07,438 --> 00:44:11,079
Kwenye mstari wa kwanza jina wa jamhuri ya USSR

589
00:44:11,878 --> 00:44:13,878
Hapa ni Azerbaijan.

590
00:44:14,360 --> 00:44:16,039
ikifuatiwa na safu tatu za takwimu.

591
00:44:16,840 --> 00:44:18,239
Moja kwa ajili ya kunyongwa,

592
00:44:19,199 --> 00:44:20,840
moja kwa ajili ya kufukuzwa

593
00:44:21,599 --> 00:44:24,239
na moja ya mwisho kwa jumla.

594
00:44:26,398 --> 00:44:27,638
Hakuna majina.

595
00:44:28,599 --> 00:44:31,159
Ni juu ya viongozi wa chama kutafuta wahasiriwa

596
00:44:31,199 --> 00:44:32,918
ili kujaza nafasi.

597
00:44:39,438 --> 00:44:42,918
Faili ya nasibu kwenye kumbukumbu wa polisi wa kisiasa.

598
00:44:46,159 --> 00:44:47,878
Jina la kwanza Cilorov.

599
00:44:52,119 --> 00:44:55,319
Urithi: nyumba ya mbao mita za mraba nane,

600
00:44:55,679 --> 00:44:58,479
ng'ombe, kondoo wanne, nguruwe wawili.

601
00:45:02,559 --> 00:45:03,958
Shitaka:

602
00:45:04,438 --> 00:45:07,519
Cilorov ni mbaya dhidi ya nguvu ya Soviet.

603
00:45:08,119 --> 00:45:10,239
Alisema Stalin aliua watu wengi,

604
00:45:11,079 --> 00:45:14,639
lakini hatuwezi kuzungumza juu yake, vinginevyo utawekwa kambini kwa miaka 25.

605
00:45:18,878 --> 00:45:23,438
Uamuzi: Risasi Cilorov na kutaifisha mali yake yote.

606
00:45:30,719 --> 00:45:32,639
Anaitwa Ugaidi Mkuu.

607
00:45:35,398 --> 00:45:37,239
Tangu 1937,

608
00:45:37,519 --> 00:45:41,079
Yezhov anapigwa risasi wastani wa Watu 1000 kwa siku.

609
00:45:43,239 --> 00:45:46,039
"Piga, angamiza bila kupanga."

610
00:45:46,478 --> 00:45:48,678
"Ni bora kwenda mbali sana kuliko si mbali vya kutosha.”

611
00:45:57,800 --> 00:45:58,800
Katikati ya hofu,

612
00:45:59,478 --> 00:46:02,158
Hata hivyo, maisha yaliendelea kana kwamba hakuna kilichotokea.

613
00:46:04,119 --> 00:46:09,079
Katika ukumbi wa michezo wa Bolshoi, wanacheza Ziwa la Swan na Tchaikovsky.

614
00:46:13,559 --> 00:46:15,639
Ni ballet inayopendwa na Stalin.

615
00:46:16,599 --> 00:46:18,799
Hakuwahi kukosa utendaji.

616
00:46:21,559 --> 00:46:22,398
Kila jioni

617
00:46:23,000 --> 00:46:24,079
baada ya tamasha,

618
00:46:25,840 --> 00:46:27,280
Alirudi Kremlin

619
00:46:27,320 --> 00:46:31,039
kusaini amri za utekelezaji zilizokuwa zimeandaliwa kwa ajili yake.

620
00:46:33,878 --> 00:46:35,599
Wakati mwingine aliongeza maoni.

621
00:46:37,599 --> 00:46:41,159
“Mkaze konde bwana huyu, kumpiga tena na tena.”

622
00:46:42,159 --> 00:46:44,878
“Kadiri meno yanavyozidi kukazwa ni bora zaidi."

623
00:46:47,760 --> 00:46:51,679
Ugaidi hatimaye uligeuka dhidi yake mkuu wa polisi mwenyewe.

624
00:46:53,878 --> 00:46:57,719
Yezhov anatuhumiwa kwa uhaini, anateswa, anauawa

625
00:46:58,119 --> 00:47:01,519
na hata kufutwa kutoka kwa picha rasmi.

626
00:47:06,039 --> 00:47:09,840
Mnamo 1938, Stalin aliondolewa adui zake wote,

627
00:47:09,878 --> 00:47:11,958
iwe ya kweli au ya kufikirika.

628
00:47:21,639 --> 00:47:25,719
Hatua kwa hatua akazibadilisha na kizazi kipya cha wanaharakati

629
00:47:26,199 --> 00:47:27,360
ambaye anadaiwa kila kitu.

630
00:47:31,478 --> 00:47:32,918
Wao ni nomenklatura,

631
00:47:35,039 --> 00:47:37,279
watu wapya, ambayo Stalin aliota

632
00:47:37,438 --> 00:47:39,438
na yule ambaye anaweza kumtegemea.

633
00:47:51,119 --> 00:47:54,119
Waligawanya mali wa wahanga wa ugaidi

634
00:47:55,199 --> 00:47:58,039
na walichukua faida ya vyumba vilivyoachwa.

635
00:48:04,559 --> 00:48:06,599
Tarehe 17 Machi mwaka wa 1938.

636
00:48:06,958 --> 00:48:09,559
siku nne baada ya mwisho kesi ya Bukharin,

637
00:48:10,519 --> 00:48:14,639
Familia nyingi zilikwenda kwenye uwanja wa ndege wa Moscow.

638
00:48:16,320 --> 00:48:18,719
Wawe wanaharakati, maafisa,

639
00:48:19,719 --> 00:48:22,320
Wote walikuwepo kukaribisha ndege ya Urusi

640
00:48:22,519 --> 00:48:25,878
ambayo iliunganisha Urusi na Amerika kupitia Ncha ya Kaskazini.

641
00:48:36,719 --> 00:48:40,639
Karibu kwa majaribio Tchkalov, hapa katikati ni tukio.

642
00:48:42,559 --> 00:48:46,599
Stalin aliamua kumfanya shujaa mpya wa Soviet.

643
00:48:51,918 --> 00:48:54,199
Siku hiyo, kwenye mitaa ya Moscow,

644
00:48:54,559 --> 00:48:57,438
Chkalov alitangaza upendo wake kwa kiongozi mkuu.

645
00:48:59,639 --> 00:49:01,639
"Niko tayari kufa kwa ajili ya Stalin."

646
00:49:02,719 --> 00:49:07,000
"Ikiwa itabidi kumpa mapafu yetu, tutampa Stalin mapafu yetu.”

647
00:49:07,559 --> 00:49:09,519
"Na ikiwa itabidi kumpa moyo wetu,"

648
00:49:09,918 --> 00:49:11,638
"Tutampa moyo wetu."

649
00:49:33,438 --> 00:49:36,839
Stalin yuko mbali na kufikiria kwamba tishio kutoka Magharibi

650
00:49:37,360 --> 00:49:39,840
hivi karibuni atatishia utawala wake.

651
00:49:43,958 --> 00:49:44,958
Kwa Kijerumani,

652
00:49:45,320 --> 00:49:48,399
Chama cha Nazi kimekuwa madarakani kwa zaidi ya miaka mitano sasa.

653
00:49:51,199 --> 00:49:54,079
Anatetea ubora wa mbio za Kijerumani.

654
00:49:58,039 --> 00:50:01,438
Kama kiongozi, Kansela Adolf Hitler

655
00:50:02,280 --> 00:50:05,800
kama Stalin, imeanzisha utawala wa kidikteta.

656
00:50:12,878 --> 00:50:14,719
Tayari alikuwa ameimiliki Austria.

657
00:50:18,599 --> 00:50:20,958
Alitaka kukamata nchi zote jirani,

658
00:50:21,639 --> 00:50:22,519
ikiwemo Ufaransa.

659
00:50:25,398 --> 00:50:27,799
Lakini zaidi ya yote aliota ya kushambulia Umoja wa Kisovyeti

660
00:50:27,840 --> 00:50:31,280
na kuambatanisha eneo lake kwa manufaa ya watu wa Ujerumani.

661
00:50:34,360 --> 00:50:39,959
"Misheni ya harakati ya Nazi ni kuharibu Uyahudi-Bolshevism.”

662
00:50:44,438 --> 00:50:48,158
"Kuharibu Urusi kutatoa watu wa Ujerumani"

663
00:50:48,199 --> 00:50:53,719
"nafasi muhimu ambayo mabwana wanahitaji kula."

664
00:50:55,760 --> 00:51:01,159
"Matarajio yangu ni kuwa mwanaume nani atavunja Umaksi.”

665
00:51:10,360 --> 00:51:12,878
Hatimaye Stalin aligundua tishio hilo,

666
00:51:14,760 --> 00:51:15,719
lakini kuchelewa mno.

667
00:51:17,000 --> 00:51:19,360
USSR haikuwa tayari kwa mzozo.

668
00:51:20,360 --> 00:51:21,800
Silaha zake zilikuwa zimepitwa na wakati.

669
00:51:23,398 --> 00:51:25,398
Wafanyakazi wake walipunguzwa.

670
00:51:28,079 --> 00:51:31,918
Wakati wa Ugaidi, alifyatua risasi Maafisa 20,000 wa Soviet,

671
00:51:35,280 --> 00:51:37,840
wajumbe wa Wafanyakazi Mkuu waliokuwa karibu naye

672
00:51:37,878 --> 00:51:40,559
wakati wa filamu hii ya 1934,

673
00:51:41,239 --> 00:51:43,878
Wapo wachache tu majenerali waliopitwa na wakati wameondoka

674
00:51:44,280 --> 00:51:46,560
ambao hawaelewi chochote kuhusu vita vya kisasa.

675
00:51:50,840 --> 00:51:52,840
kama vile Boudionny anayekimbia.

676
00:51:55,760 --> 00:51:57,840
"Hutabadilisha mawazo yangu."

677
00:51:59,199 --> 00:52:01,918
"Mara tu vita vinapoanza, kila mtu atapiga kelele: "

678
00:52:01,958 --> 00:52:03,878
"Badilisha wapanda farasi! ”

679
00:52:07,398 --> 00:52:10,359
Ili kurekebisha ucheleweshaji, Stalin anahitaji muda.

680
00:52:12,559 --> 00:52:16,559
Mnamo Agosti 1939, aliweza ili kupatana katika dakika za mwisho

681
00:52:16,599 --> 00:52:20,159
na Ribbentrop, Balozi wa Hitler huko Moscow,

682
00:52:22,398 --> 00:52:25,359
ishara ya majitu mawili makubaliano yasiyo ya uchokozi

683
00:52:25,958 --> 00:52:28,198
Siku chache tu kabla ya kuchochea

684
00:52:28,239 --> 00:52:29,679
Vita vya Dunia.

685
00:52:33,958 --> 00:52:35,478
Mkataba usio wa asili,

686
00:52:36,559 --> 00:52:38,360
ambayo ina nia nyingi za siri,

687
00:52:39,559 --> 00:52:41,639
lakini ambayo inampa Stalin mapumziko.

688
00:52:46,280 --> 00:52:49,919
"Yote ni mchezo tu ambaye humwinua mwingine juu ya mikono yake.”

689
00:52:51,320 --> 00:52:54,719
"Utaona, Urusi itafanikiwa kuepuka vita na Ujerumani"

690
00:52:54,760 --> 00:52:56,399
"kwa muda mrefu zaidi."

691
00:53:05,719 --> 00:53:06,840
Wiki moja baadaye,

692
00:53:07,878 --> 00:53:10,119
Septemba 1, 1939,

693
00:53:13,958 --> 00:53:16,079
Jeshi la Ujerumani lilishambulia Poland.

694
00:53:19,800 --> 00:53:22,000
Ni mwanzo wa Vita vya Kidunia vya pili.

695
00:53:27,000 --> 00:53:30,719
Katika majuma machache, Wanazi walikandamizwa jeshi la Poland

696
00:53:31,000 --> 00:53:33,519
na kupata ushindi mnono.

697
00:53:35,280 --> 00:53:36,959
Wa kwanza kati ya wengi.

698
00:53:40,079 --> 00:53:42,719
Miezi minane baadaye, Mei 1940,

699
00:53:43,320 --> 00:53:44,959
Hitler alishambulia kutoka Magharibi

700
00:53:45,000 --> 00:53:47,679
na kuiteka Ufaransa chini ya miezi miwili.

701
00:53:54,878 --> 00:53:57,958
Alitekeleza sheria yake katika nusu ya Ulaya,

702
00:53:59,000 --> 00:54:00,519
kazi ya kijeshi,

703
00:54:01,800 --> 00:54:03,360
mateso ya rangi

704
00:54:06,119 --> 00:54:07,958
na ukandamizaji wa kisiasa.

705
00:54:21,719 --> 00:54:24,719
Wakati huo huo, Stalin hakubaki bila kufanya kazi.

706
00:54:27,360 --> 00:54:29,840
Kwa niaba ya mkataba uliotiwa saini na Hitler,

707
00:54:31,119 --> 00:54:33,719
Alishinda maeneo mapya.

708
00:54:45,119 --> 00:54:49,839
Katika msimu wa baridi wa 1941, bado anafikiria yuko salama kutokana na mzozo na Ujerumani

709
00:54:51,918 --> 00:54:54,279
lakini safari hii amekosea.

710
00:55:02,280 --> 00:55:06,159
Ni wakati huo ambapo Hitler aliamua kutimiza ndoto yake ya zamani.

711
00:55:09,840 --> 00:55:11,959
Kuharibu Umoja wa Kisovyeti.

712
00:55:20,320 --> 00:55:21,919
Ni mpango wa Barbarossa.

713
00:55:23,039 --> 00:55:26,199
Moja ya operesheni kubwa za kijeshi katika historia.

714
00:55:28,239 --> 00:55:30,958
Hitler alipanga kupindua jeshi la Soviet

715
00:55:32,079 --> 00:55:34,679
na kufika Moscow katika wiki chache tu.

716
00:55:40,199 --> 00:55:41,039
Mapema spring,

717
00:55:41,599 --> 00:55:44,918
Jeshi la Ujerumani liko tayari kwa vita mpakani.

718
00:55:48,878 --> 00:55:52,918
Kwenye tovuti, majenerali wa Soviet aliona harakati za askari.

719
00:55:54,199 --> 00:55:55,360
Walipiga kengele

720
00:55:55,958 --> 00:55:58,519
na kuomba ruhusa kupeleka askari.

721
00:56:07,478 --> 00:56:08,398
Lakini huko Kremlin.

722
00:56:08,958 --> 00:56:11,158
Stalin, mbishi kama hapo awali,

723
00:56:11,639 --> 00:56:12,479
ogopa mtego.

724
00:56:15,800 --> 00:56:16,639
Anawajibu.

725
00:56:18,519 --> 00:56:21,320
"Una kichwa kikubwa, lakini ubongo mdogo! ”

726
00:56:21,599 --> 00:56:25,279
"Ujerumani haitasimama peke yake katika vita dhidi ya Urusi.”

727
00:56:28,878 --> 00:56:30,519
Juni 16 1941,

728
00:56:31,398 --> 00:56:34,839
jasusi alituma ujumbe akisema shambulio lilikuwa karibu.

729
00:56:37,398 --> 00:56:38,519
Lakini Stalin aliendelea

730
00:56:39,760 --> 00:56:43,080
"Yeye ni mharibifu, anapaswa kwenda kuzimu."

731
00:56:45,360 --> 00:56:47,679
Juni 21, usiku wa kuamkia leo shambulio kuu la Urusi,

732
00:56:48,320 --> 00:56:50,439
Mtoro wa Ujerumani alipita mpaka

733
00:56:50,878 --> 00:56:53,438
na kusema kuwa shambulio hilo itazinduliwa alfajiri.

734
00:56:57,840 --> 00:56:59,159
Hukumu ya Stalin ilikuwa,

735
00:57:00,360 --> 00:57:01,239
“Mpige risasi.”

736
00:57:07,000 --> 00:57:09,039
Juni 22, 1941,

737
00:57:10,079 --> 00:57:11,719
uvamizi ulianza.

738
00:57:17,958 --> 00:57:21,719
Wanajeshi milioni tatu wa Ujerumani ilishambulia U.S.S.R.

739
00:57:28,000 --> 00:57:31,639
Kuanzia saa za kwanza, waliharibu ndege elfu moja ardhini.

740
00:57:37,639 --> 00:57:40,599
Mjerumani wa stima aliingia kwenye vita.

741
00:57:47,519 --> 00:57:50,519
Mwanamke alinaswa katika kijiji.

742
00:57:56,320 --> 00:57:58,719
"Maelfu ya askari wetu wanatangatanga ovyo."

743
00:58:00,079 --> 00:58:01,039
"wote wametawanyika."

744
00:58:04,398 --> 00:58:05,839
"Viongozi wetu wanaondoka."

745
00:58:09,478 --> 00:58:11,079
"Wanatuacha tufe."

746
00:58:13,840 --> 00:58:15,199
Ishara ya kushindwa,

747
00:58:15,519 --> 00:58:17,079
Mwana mkubwa wa Stalin,

748
00:58:17,239 --> 00:58:18,079
Yakov,

749
00:58:18,320 --> 00:58:21,800
alikamatwa akiwa mfungwa kwa kukimbia alijificha kama mkulima.

750
00:58:27,559 --> 00:58:29,878
Nyuma, Urusi iko katika mshtuko.

751
00:58:35,079 --> 00:58:38,360
Ili kuelewa, idadi ya watu anakimbia kupata magazeti.

752
00:58:40,478 --> 00:58:42,599
Kila mtu anasubiri majibu ya Stalin,

753
00:58:44,119 --> 00:58:45,279
lakini haijafika.

754
00:58:47,918 --> 00:58:51,559
Muscovites, kama Guéna mchanga, kutaka kujua zaidi.

755
00:58:53,719 --> 00:58:55,079
"Tumeunganishwa kwenye redio."

756
00:58:55,958 --> 00:58:57,759
"Tunangojea hotuba ya Stalin."

757
00:58:59,800 --> 00:59:01,560
"Tunahitaji kusikia sauti yake."

758
00:59:04,840 --> 00:59:05,919
"Lakini yuko kimya."

759
00:59:05,958 --> 00:59:08,000
"Ni Molotov, naibu wake, nani anaongea.”

760
00:59:11,800 --> 00:59:13,039
"Kila mtu anasikiliza."

761
00:59:13,878 --> 00:59:15,639
“Tunaambiwa hivyo tuko katikati ya vita.”

762
00:59:17,119 --> 00:59:18,438
"Lakini Stalin yuko wapi? ”

763
00:59:20,840 --> 00:59:23,320
Stalin ameimarishwa nyuma ya kuta za Kremlin.

764
00:59:24,679 --> 00:59:26,039
Imeangamizwa.

765
00:59:28,519 --> 00:59:29,519
"Yote yamepotea."

766
00:59:31,119 --> 00:59:35,559
"Lenin alianzisha jimbo letu na tukaharibu kila kitu.”

767
00:59:38,599 --> 00:59:41,079
"Alituachia urithi wa ajabu"

768
00:59:42,280 --> 00:59:43,519
"na tukaiharibu."

769
00:59:46,320 --> 00:59:47,719
Kwa sababu ya makosa yake ya mara kwa mara,

770
00:59:47,878 --> 00:59:50,799
Stalin anawajibika kibinafsi kwa maafa.

771
00:59:52,639 --> 00:59:54,199
Lakini hataki kukiri.

772
00:59:56,280 --> 00:59:58,560
Kama kawaida, anatafuta wahalifu.

773
00:59:59,639 --> 01:00:03,280
Hawa maelfu ya askari wakijisalimisha wanachukuliwa kuwa wasaliti.

774
01:00:03,599 --> 01:00:05,199
Familia zao zitafukuzwa.

775
01:00:08,360 --> 01:00:09,439
Kuhusu wanaohama,

776
01:00:09,478 --> 01:00:11,918
alituma vitengo maalum vya mbele

777
01:00:11,958 --> 01:00:16,559
kuwajibika kuangalia askari na akawapa maagizo ya wazi.

778
01:00:23,000 --> 01:00:24,478
'Katika kesi ya hofu na kughairi,”

779
01:00:24,519 --> 01:00:27,599
"Wapige risasi papo hapo ikiwa ni pamoja na wale ambao watafadhaika na waoga.”

780
01:00:32,478 --> 01:00:37,198
Katika wiki chache tu, Stalin aliruka kutoka uamuzi mbaya mmoja kwa mwingine.

781
01:00:41,559 --> 01:00:42,398
Katika Ukraine,

782
01:00:42,478 --> 01:00:45,599
aliwakataza majenerali wake kutoka kwa kuhama mji wa Kiev.

783
01:00:47,760 --> 01:00:50,040
Siku tano baadaye,

784
01:00:50,918 --> 01:00:53,279
Wanazi waliteka wanajeshi 500,000.

785
01:00:58,320 --> 01:01:01,519
Ilikuwa ni samaki kubwa zaidi iliyowahi kufanywa na jeshi.

786
01:01:11,918 --> 01:01:13,638
Mnamo Oktoba 1941,

787
01:01:14,119 --> 01:01:17,398
Miezi minne baada ya kuanza kwa shambulio la Barbarossa,

788
01:01:17,878 --> 01:01:20,199
Hitler karibu ashinde dau lake.

789
01:01:25,398 --> 01:01:28,039
Jeshi la Ujerumani lilikuwa A maili chache kutoka Moscow.

790
01:01:29,719 --> 01:01:31,760
Mji mkuu unapigwa mabomu kila siku.

791
01:01:35,519 --> 01:01:37,519
Idadi ya watu walikimbilia kwenye njia ya chini ya ardhi.

792
01:01:38,840 --> 01:01:42,000
Mwandishi Viktor Kravchenko alibainisha haya katika jarida lake:

793
01:01:44,438 --> 01:01:46,638
"Moscow inakupa hisia kwamba unakufa.”

794
01:01:49,599 --> 01:01:50,759
"Hofu inatawala"

795
01:01:51,478 --> 01:01:53,918
"na inawezesha sauti za ajabu zaidi kusambazwa.”

796
01:02:00,840 --> 01:02:03,639
"Wengine walisema kuwa kulikuwa na mapinduzi ilitokea Kremlin"

797
01:02:04,000 --> 01:02:05,478
"na kwamba Stalin alikamatwa."

798
01:02:11,878 --> 01:02:12,719
Kweli,

799
01:02:13,079 --> 01:02:15,719
stalin pia alikimbilia kwenye njia ya chini ya ardhi.

800
01:02:18,958 --> 01:02:19,799
Hii hapa,

801
01:02:20,239 --> 01:02:23,958
huku wafuasi wake wote wakimsihi kuhamisha mji mkuu,

802
01:02:25,000 --> 01:02:27,320
na kuchukua uamuzi hiyo ingebadilisha kila kitu.

803
01:02:33,079 --> 01:02:33,958
Licha ya hatari,

804
01:02:34,679 --> 01:02:36,360
aliamua kubaki huko Moscow.

805
01:02:38,719 --> 01:02:39,760
Katika masaa machache,

806
01:02:40,199 --> 01:02:41,959
atazungumza na askari wake.

807
01:02:49,320 --> 01:02:50,199
Novemba 7,

808
01:02:51,119 --> 01:02:52,159
nane asubuhi.

809
01:02:54,280 --> 01:02:57,679
Regiments alijiunga na Red Square katikati ya dhoruba ya theluji

810
01:02:58,719 --> 01:02:59,760
kufuatia simu ya Stalin.

811
01:03:05,039 --> 01:03:07,759
Mizinga ilitoka moja kwa moja mbele wakiwa na silaha.

812
01:03:12,438 --> 01:03:14,638
Wajerumani wanaweza kushambulia wakati wowote.

813
01:03:18,360 --> 01:03:21,159
Lakini hotuba ya Stalin iliwatia nguvu wanajeshi.

814
01:03:23,679 --> 01:03:26,199
Wafuasi wa kiume na wa kike,

815
01:03:26,239 --> 01:03:28,958
Ulimwengu wote unatutazama

816
01:03:29,000 --> 01:03:31,360
na anasubiri sisi tuangamizwe

817
01:03:31,639 --> 01:03:34,439
makundi ya waporaji na wavamizi wa Ujerumani

818
01:03:34,639 --> 01:03:37,719
ambaye alikufa wakati wa uvamizi wa Wajerumani.

819
01:03:38,199 --> 01:03:41,320
Utukufu kwa nchi yetu, kwa uhuru, kwa uhuru.

820
01:03:41,519 --> 01:03:46,519
Kusonga mbele kwa ushindi chini ya bendera ya Lenin.

821
01:03:51,478 --> 01:03:52,398
Kwa siku chache,

822
01:03:52,958 --> 01:03:56,719
jeshi la Soviet liliweza kuleta utulivu vita mbele ya Moscow.

823
01:04:02,639 --> 01:04:04,280
Ni miezi kumi tu baadaye,

824
01:04:04,559 --> 01:04:06,239
katika majira ya joto ya 1942,

825
01:04:06,918 --> 01:04:10,079
ile ya vita kubwa zaidi ya karne itatokea.

826
01:04:14,918 --> 01:04:16,158
Tuko Stalingrad.

827
01:04:16,599 --> 01:04:18,958
Ilikuwa ni hatua ya kugeuka ya Vita vya Pili vya Dunia.

828
01:04:33,559 --> 01:04:36,759
Wajerumani, ambao hawakufanikiwa kuangusha Moscow,

829
01:04:37,398 --> 01:04:42,199
alitaka kushinda hatua hii ya kuvuka kuelekea mafuta ya Bahari ya Caspian.

830
01:04:52,000 --> 01:04:54,079
Walichukua 90% ya jiji.

831
01:04:56,840 --> 01:04:59,639
Lakini bado walikuwa nayo maili mia chache kushinda.

832
01:05:05,918 --> 01:05:06,759
Mbele,

833
01:05:07,280 --> 01:05:09,919
Soviets kuweka upinzani usiokoma dhidi yao.

834
01:05:12,918 --> 01:05:16,638
Mpiganaji wa bunduki wa Urusi Andrei Kozyainov alikuwa mmoja wao.

835
01:05:20,559 --> 01:05:23,398
"Tulisikia nyayo na pumzi ya askari wa Ujerumani."

836
01:05:25,280 --> 01:05:27,320
"Siwezi kuwaona na moshi."

837
01:05:31,878 --> 01:05:33,000
"Tunapiga risasi kufuatia silika yetu,"

838
01:05:35,639 --> 01:05:36,479
"kwa sikio."

839
01:05:41,840 --> 01:05:42,959
"Kichwa changu kinapiga."

840
01:05:52,639 --> 01:05:55,800
Jumla ya watu milioni mbili atakufa huko Stalingrad.

841
01:06:00,079 --> 01:06:02,438
Kwa mara ya kwanza tangu kuanza kwa vita,

842
01:06:02,478 --> 01:06:06,239
Stalin, kwa busara, aliamua si kuingilia mwenyewe

843
01:06:07,199 --> 01:06:09,479
na kumwachia mkuu wake wa kazi

844
01:06:10,159 --> 01:06:11,320
Jenerali Zhukov fanya kazi hiyo

845
01:06:14,599 --> 01:06:16,039
Zhukov alikuwa na mpango wa vita.

846
01:06:16,800 --> 01:06:20,399
Alitaka kuwatega Wajerumani walikuwa wameshinda tu mjini.

847
01:06:27,438 --> 01:06:29,519
Novemba 19, 1942.

848
01:06:32,119 --> 01:06:33,159
saa saba asubuhi,

849
01:06:35,199 --> 01:06:41,119
Mizinga 1,400, zaidi ya ndege 1,000 na askari milioni wa Soviet

850
01:06:41,159 --> 01:06:43,639
walikuwa wanakimbilia ubavuni wa jeshi la Nazi.

851
01:06:48,398 --> 01:06:52,199
Picha hizi zimepigwa baada ya vita wakati wa kuigiza

852
01:06:52,958 --> 01:06:55,438
onyesha majeshi mawili ya Urusi yakija pamoja.

853
01:07:03,958 --> 01:07:05,438
Wiki chache baadaye,

854
01:07:05,760 --> 01:07:08,399
Wanajeshi 300,000 wa Ujerumani walizingirwa,

855
01:07:09,199 --> 01:07:10,280
vifaa duni

856
01:07:11,239 --> 01:07:12,079
na njaa

857
01:07:12,478 --> 01:07:14,398
wakajisalimisha pamoja na kiongozi wao,

858
01:07:16,679 --> 01:07:18,679
Marshal von Paulo.

859
01:07:22,559 --> 01:07:26,199
Ni mara ya kwanza hiyo marshal wa Nazi anakamatwa akiwa hai.

860
01:07:38,679 --> 01:07:39,639
Kwa Stalin,

861
01:07:40,239 --> 01:07:41,159
ni muujiza.

862
01:07:44,239 --> 01:07:45,360
Katika macho ya ulimwengu,

863
01:07:45,800 --> 01:07:49,439
ndiye wa kwanza kumshinda Adolf Hitler.

864
01:07:51,840 --> 01:07:54,840
Na atazindua katika miaka miwili ijayo

865
01:07:54,878 --> 01:07:59,639
kukera kishujaa Wanajeshi wa Urusi dhidi ya Ujerumani.

866
01:08:09,519 --> 01:08:10,679
Licha ya uhalifu wake,

867
01:08:11,280 --> 01:08:14,320
licha ya mapatano yake mwaka 1939 na Hitler,

868
01:08:14,398 --> 01:08:17,000
stalin akawa hawezi kuepukika.

869
01:08:18,279 --> 01:08:21,319
Katika Moscow, wakati wa ziara Jenerali de Gaulle,

870
01:08:22,838 --> 01:08:25,798
kisha miezi michache baadaye katika Mkutano wa Yalta,

871
01:08:27,359 --> 01:08:30,680
Washirika wote walikuja kukutana na Stalin mkuu.

872
01:08:35,798 --> 01:08:37,838
Briton Churchill alichukua toast.

873
01:08:42,239 --> 01:08:44,838
"Je, kuna kitu cha thamani zaidi kuliko maisha ya Stalin"

874
01:08:44,878 --> 01:08:46,519
"kwa kila mmoja wetu."

875
01:08:48,759 --> 01:08:51,838
“Natumai kwa dhati watu wa Umoja wa Kisovyeti"

876
01:08:51,918 --> 01:08:54,239
"itakuwa na uwezo wa kuhifadhi kiongozi wao kwa muda mrefu."

877
01:08:57,319 --> 01:09:00,240
Churchill alijua hilo tangu ushindi wa Stalingrad,

878
01:09:00,918 --> 01:09:04,680
USSR ikawa nguvu kubwa.

879
01:09:09,759 --> 01:09:12,119
Alijua hilo baada ya miezi kadhaa ya kukera,

880
01:09:12,479 --> 01:09:15,240
Jeshi Nyekundu lingeingia Berlin hivi karibuni.

881
01:09:22,079 --> 01:09:24,079
Tuko katika chemchemi ya 1945.

882
01:09:25,958 --> 01:09:29,199
Silaha hizi za kutisha, wafuasi wa Stalin,

883
01:09:30,119 --> 01:09:31,798
walikuwa wakishambulia mji mkuu wa Ujerumani.

884
01:09:39,079 --> 01:09:43,439
Stalin aliamua kulipiza kisasi Stalingrad na kuharibu Berlin.

885
01:09:49,000 --> 01:09:50,838
Mbele ya moto kama huo,

886
01:09:51,359 --> 01:09:54,520
Ujerumani ilimaliza kwa kusawazisha tarehe 8 Mei 1945.

887
01:10:08,159 --> 01:10:09,159
Miezi miwili baadaye,

888
01:10:10,239 --> 01:10:11,719
Jenerali Stalin

889
01:10:11,759 --> 01:10:15,279
aliwasili katika mji mkuu wa Ujerumani kusherehekea ushindi wake.

890
01:10:18,479 --> 01:10:20,479
Katika filamu hii maarufu ya propaganda,

891
01:10:21,039 --> 01:10:22,759
Tulimkaribisha mshindi wa Hitler

892
01:10:23,560 --> 01:10:24,399
kama masiya.

893
01:10:32,560 --> 01:10:35,798
Kwa kweli, ni fiction ambapo jukumu ya stalin inachezwa na mwonekano.

894
01:10:40,079 --> 01:10:42,600
Ujio huu wa ustadi haujawahi kutokea.

895
01:10:44,439 --> 01:10:46,039
Stalin aliogopa kuruka.

896
01:10:47,119 --> 01:10:50,239
na kinyume na picha hizi, alichukia umati.

897
01:10:52,680 --> 01:10:54,200
Wandugu,

898
01:10:54,560 --> 01:10:59,039
leo, tunasherehekea ushindi mkubwa

899
01:10:59,079 --> 01:11:01,798
juu ya Ujerumani ya kifashisti.

900
01:11:05,878 --> 01:11:10,039
Stalin halisi alichukua treni ya kivita kuelekea Potsdam,

901
01:11:10,119 --> 01:11:11,519
katika vitongoji vya Berlin,

902
01:11:12,039 --> 01:11:14,878
ambapo askari polisi 5,000 walihamasishwa kwa ajili ya kuwasili kwake.

903
01:11:17,878 --> 01:11:19,519
Alikuwa akiandamwa na mashambulizi.

904
01:11:21,439 --> 01:11:25,560
Ikiwa alikubali kuondoka katika nchi yake kwa mara ya kwanza baada ya miaka 30,

905
01:11:27,798 --> 01:11:29,640
Ni kwa sababu fursa hiyo ilistahili.

906
01:11:32,000 --> 01:11:34,319
Alikuwa na miadi karibu meza ya mazungumzo

907
01:11:34,359 --> 01:11:36,959
na washirika wake wa Marekani na Uingereza.

908
01:11:39,640 --> 01:11:41,119
Tangu Mkutano wa Yalta,

909
01:11:41,640 --> 01:11:45,720
aliomba nusu ya eneo la Ulaya.

910
01:11:47,359 --> 01:11:51,000
Hiyo ni nchi zote ambazo jeshi lake alikuwa amejikomboa wakati wa vita.

911
01:11:54,958 --> 01:11:57,639
Ombi la Stalin lilikubaliwa na Washirika.

912
01:12:00,119 --> 01:12:03,720
Utawala wa Soviet Kutoka Ulaya Mashariki iliwekwa kuanza.

913
01:12:05,838 --> 01:12:07,600
Itaendelea karibu nusu karne.

914
01:12:21,239 --> 01:12:24,759
Kwa watu wa Urusi, bei ya ushindi ni kubwa mno.

915
01:12:28,359 --> 01:12:33,600
Mzozo huo umeangamiza 70,000 vijijini na kuua watu milioni 26.

916
01:12:40,720 --> 01:12:44,878
Katika msimu wa joto wa 1945, askari walikuwa wakirudi majumbani mwao

917
01:12:45,640 --> 01:12:47,720
na kujiandaa kuunganishwa tena pamoja na familia zao.

918
01:12:52,399 --> 01:12:53,399
Askari mmoja alisema.

919
01:12:54,918 --> 01:12:55,958
"Watu wanapiga kelele,"

920
01:12:56,479 --> 01:12:57,359
"wanakimbia."

921
01:12:57,759 --> 01:12:59,600
"Wanalia treni inapofika."

922
01:13:02,640 --> 01:13:04,520
"Wanaume hubusu wake zao."

923
01:13:08,079 --> 01:13:11,680
"Wanawakumbatia watoto hawakuona kukua."

924
01:13:13,439 --> 01:13:16,838
"Wanaonyesha mapambo yao kwa kiburi na majeraha yao.”

925
01:13:22,600 --> 01:13:26,200
Baada ya mateso mengi, wote wanataka amani na utulivu.

926
01:13:28,199 --> 01:13:32,199
Kwao, uhalifu wa Stalin si chochote ila kumbukumbu za zamani.

927
01:13:36,000 --> 01:13:36,958
Wamekosea.

928
01:13:44,958 --> 01:13:47,318
Stalin yuko kwenye kilele cha nguvu zake.

929
01:13:51,439 --> 01:13:54,560
Imekuwa zaidi ya miaka 20 hivyo amekuwa akiongoza Umoja wa Kisovieti.

930
01:13:57,399 --> 01:14:01,240
Kwa ushindi, tulijiandaa onyesho kubwa kwake

931
01:14:01,918 --> 01:14:03,519
na maelfu ya ziada.

932
01:14:09,239 --> 01:14:12,639
Hata jenerali wa Marekani Eisenhower alikuja pamoja.

933
01:14:17,680 --> 01:14:20,119
Walakini, Stalin anaonekana kuwa hayupo.

934
01:14:24,119 --> 01:14:25,318
Afya yake ni tete.

935
01:14:26,759 --> 01:14:28,039
Ana upungufu wa kumbukumbu.

936
01:14:28,399 --> 01:14:30,560
Alikuwa na mashambulizi kadhaa ya moyo.

937
01:14:34,439 --> 01:14:36,878
Zaidi ya yote, yeye ni mtu mmoja.

938
01:14:41,918 --> 01:14:44,599
Wakati wa vita, alipoteza mtoto wake Yakov,

939
01:14:44,640 --> 01:14:46,079
ambaye alifanywa mfungwa wa Wajerumani.

940
01:14:48,359 --> 01:14:52,160
Inasemekana kwamba Yakov alitaka kutoroka kwa kuvuka nyaya zenye miba.

941
01:14:55,199 --> 01:14:59,958
Stalin alikataa kumbadilisha dhidi ya Marshal von Paulus,

942
01:15:00,600 --> 01:15:02,079
kama Hitler alivyopendekeza.

943
01:15:05,838 --> 01:15:07,479
"Ikiwa ningefanya biashara ya Yakov,"

944
01:15:08,199 --> 01:15:10,358
“Ningesema nini wababa wa chama”

945
01:15:10,399 --> 01:15:13,119
“Watoto wa nani walifanywa wafungwa pia? ”

946
01:15:15,439 --> 01:15:16,680
"Kama ningefanya hivyo,"

947
01:15:17,680 --> 01:15:19,560
"Singeitwa Stalin."

948
01:15:22,279 --> 01:15:24,319
Maisha yake ya kibinafsi yalikuwa maafa.

949
01:15:25,640 --> 01:15:28,079
Haoni tena mwanawe wa pili,

950
01:15:28,680 --> 01:15:31,399
ndege Vassili, ambaye alikua mlevi

951
01:15:31,439 --> 01:15:34,838
na ambaye anaendelea kuruka juu ya Red Square

952
01:15:34,878 --> 01:15:36,720
kwenye ndege yake.

953
01:15:42,119 --> 01:15:43,958
Mbishi zaidi kuliko hapo awali,

954
01:15:45,000 --> 01:15:48,560
Stalin hata alimkasirikia Svetlana, binti yake mpendwa,

955
01:15:48,878 --> 01:15:50,318
ambaye sasa ni mwanamke kijana.

956
01:15:53,079 --> 01:15:55,119
Hakuelewa haja yake ya kujifurahisha.

957
01:15:56,600 --> 01:15:59,240
Hakukubali kutoroka kwake kimapenzi,

958
01:15:59,838 --> 01:16:03,199
hasa yule akiwa na mkurugenzi Myahudi Alekseï Kapler,

959
01:16:03,680 --> 01:16:05,359
ambaye alimtuma kwa gulag.

960
01:16:09,079 --> 01:16:12,600
Yeye pia hakukubali ndoa yake na Grigory Morozov,

961
01:16:13,359 --> 01:16:15,319
Myahudi pia.

962
01:16:18,439 --> 01:16:19,520
Kwa miaka mingi,

963
01:16:20,039 --> 01:16:23,439
Mshindi wa Hitler akawa antisemitic.

964
01:16:27,199 --> 01:16:30,720
“Vizazi vyote vilivyopita ilichafuliwa na Uzayuni.”

965
01:16:35,000 --> 01:16:38,239
"Na sasa wanataka vijana wajiunge."

966
01:16:42,199 --> 01:16:45,318
Mara tu vita vilipoisha, Stalin alizindua upya utakaso

967
01:16:45,759 --> 01:16:47,838
kulingana na mhemko wake na kichaa chake.

968
01:16:49,439 --> 01:16:52,878
Na wafungwa milioni mbili, pamoja na idadi kubwa ya Wayahudi,

969
01:16:53,600 --> 01:16:57,160
gulag haijawahi kujaa hivi.

970
01:17:09,640 --> 01:17:10,479
Nchini Ufaransa,

971
01:17:10,680 --> 01:17:14,159
Wakomunisti waliopigana Wanazi wakati wa vita

972
01:17:14,199 --> 01:17:16,358
bado wanaabudu Stalin.

973
01:17:21,359 --> 01:17:25,600
Mnamo 1949, alisherehekea siku yake ya kuzaliwa ya 70.

974
01:17:26,199 --> 01:17:28,239
Zawadi zilitumwa kutoka kila mahali kwa Kremlin,

975
01:17:28,279 --> 01:17:32,520
ndivyo alivyofanya tremolos, mtu nyuma sauti, mshairi Paul Eluard alieleza.

976
01:17:34,279 --> 01:17:36,399
"Katika warsha hii ndogo kutoka Belleville,"

977
01:17:37,520 --> 01:17:42,600
"Wafanyikazi walitumia masaa 300 kutengeneza kwa uangalifu”

978
01:17:42,640 --> 01:17:44,359
"Zawadi kwa Stalin."

979
01:17:45,039 --> 01:17:47,720
"Zawadi yao ilikuwa safari ya dakika."

980
01:17:50,479 --> 01:17:51,759
Licha ya ushahidi,

981
01:17:52,119 --> 01:17:56,159
Hofu ya mfumo wa Stalinist bado alikuwa kimya.

982
01:18:01,119 --> 01:18:04,720
Hatujasahau tuliyopitia wakati wa utawala wa Nazi.

983
01:18:05,560 --> 01:18:08,319
Inahitajika kuelewa hilo mmoja wa wenzetu aliwekwa ndani.

984
01:18:08,399 --> 01:18:10,878
Mtoto wa mtu mwingine alianguka ndani mapambano ya siri.

985
01:18:10,918 --> 01:18:14,000
Mke na binti ya mkurugenzi wetu walifukuzwa.

986
01:18:14,399 --> 01:18:17,279
Bila ushindi wa Stalingrad, kijiji chetu cha Grigny,

987
01:18:17,680 --> 01:18:19,520
ingekuwa bado inashughulikiwa na Wanazi.

988
01:18:19,798 --> 01:18:21,958
Kama Ufaransa na Ulaya yote.

989
01:18:22,479 --> 01:18:24,798
Kwa hivyo, sisi sote, wakulima kutoka Grigny,

990
01:18:25,039 --> 01:18:27,560
Tunakutakia siku njema ya kuzaliwa na maisha marefu

991
01:18:27,759 --> 01:18:30,759
kwa Generalissimo Stalin aliyetuweka huru kwa ushindi wake.

992
01:18:30,838 --> 01:18:34,278
Tunatamani maisha marefu kwa mwongozo wenye kuona wazi kwa tabaka la wafanyikazi,

993
01:18:34,359 --> 01:18:35,879
kwa Stalin, mtu wa amani.

994
01:18:40,600 --> 01:18:44,160
Kwa siku yake ya kuzaliwa, mtu wa amani iliyofanyika huko Moscow

995
01:18:44,199 --> 01:18:46,519
wasomi wa kikomunisti wa kimataifa

996
01:18:48,600 --> 01:18:50,879
hasa Wachina Mao Zedong

997
01:18:55,039 --> 01:18:58,159
lakini msichana mdogo wa miaka 12 alikuwa akiigiza.

998
01:18:59,439 --> 01:19:00,600
Jina lake lilikuwa Natalia.

999
01:19:01,958 --> 01:19:05,239
Alikuwa binti wa Poskrebyshev, Katibu wa Stalin.

1000
01:19:07,759 --> 01:19:11,520
Aliheshimiwa sana kusoma shairi kwa Kiongozi Mkuu.

1001
01:19:12,680 --> 01:19:16,119
Uishi karibu nasi mpendwa,

1002
01:19:16,199 --> 01:19:20,358
tuongoze kupitia taa zako,

1003
01:19:20,399 --> 01:19:24,079
kwa serikali ya Soviet kustawi

1004
01:19:24,119 --> 01:19:27,399
na kupata nguvu kila siku.

1005
01:19:29,838 --> 01:19:32,680
Chumba kilishangilia eneo hili la kugusa

1006
01:19:34,560 --> 01:19:37,039
lakini msichana mdogo hakujua ya maelezo ya kikatili.

1007
01:19:38,399 --> 01:19:39,759
Miaka michache iliyopita,

1008
01:19:40,359 --> 01:19:42,600
Stalin alimpiga risasi mama yake.

1009
01:19:46,838 --> 01:19:52,439
Katika 70, Baba mdogo wa Watu waliona kuwa wa lazima zaidi kuliko hapo awali.

1010
01:19:54,279 --> 01:19:55,959
“Ungefanya nini bila mimi? ”

1011
01:19:56,878 --> 01:19:58,278
“Wewe ni vipofu.”

1012
01:19:58,838 --> 01:20:00,278
"Nyinyi ni paka wadogo."

1013
01:20:01,119 --> 01:20:02,680
"Huoni adui."

1014
01:20:03,640 --> 01:20:04,959
"Nchi itaanguka"

1015
01:20:05,279 --> 01:20:08,080
“kwa sababu huwezi kumtambua adui.”

1016
01:20:19,079 --> 01:20:21,079
Machi 4, 1953.

1017
01:20:25,918 --> 01:20:28,878
Wakati huu ni Stalin ambaye amekufa tu.

1018
01:20:34,239 --> 01:20:35,798
Hakuna maelezo kwenye magazeti.

1019
01:20:36,439 --> 01:20:37,918
Hatutajua hadi baadaye.

1020
01:20:38,119 --> 01:20:41,640
Stalin aliteseka peke yake chumbani kwake kwa siku mbili,

1021
01:20:41,958 --> 01:20:43,878
bila mtu wa kumwokoa.

1022
01:20:44,479 --> 01:20:48,039
Hata madaktari wake, ambao walikuwa na hofu kwa mawazo ya kuchukua uamuzi mbaya

1023
01:20:48,079 --> 01:20:49,439
na matokeo yake, kupigwa risasi.

1024
01:20:59,000 --> 01:21:01,759
Mwili wake ulionyeshwa katika ukumbi wa nguzo,

1025
01:21:02,640 --> 01:21:06,520
ambapo alikuwa amewahukumu marafiki zake wakati wa majaribio ya Moscow.

1026
01:21:09,838 --> 01:21:12,199
Miongoni mwa wanachama wa chama, hisia ni za kweli.

1027
01:21:14,439 --> 01:21:18,079
Mwalimu alikuwa na wakati mgumu kufikiria maisha bila Stalin.

1028
01:21:22,199 --> 01:21:24,039
“Sasa itakuwaje? ”

1029
01:21:26,319 --> 01:21:27,680
“Tutaishi vipi? ”

1030
01:21:30,560 --> 01:21:32,319
“Ni nini kitatokea kwa nchi? ”

1031
01:21:38,199 --> 01:21:39,318
Kwenye Red Square,

1032
01:21:41,000 --> 01:21:44,958
viongozi walikuwa wanakariri hotuba zao kama kawaida.

1033
01:21:47,399 --> 01:21:50,200
Bwana wetu na mwongozo,

1034
01:21:50,239 --> 01:21:53,719
fikra mkuu kuliko wanadamu wote,

1035
01:21:53,759 --> 01:21:57,838
amemaliza njia yake tukufu.

1036
01:22:00,359 --> 01:22:03,399
Hata hivyo, licha ya maelekezo ya maombolezo

1037
01:22:03,680 --> 01:22:04,878
mbali na kamera,

1038
01:22:05,958 --> 01:22:10,519
maelfu ya wahasiriwa wa Stalin alianza kufurahi kwa siri.

1039
01:22:13,878 --> 01:22:17,399
Katika kambi ya Vorkuta, katika kaskazini ya mbali ya Urusi,

1040
01:22:18,759 --> 01:22:21,838
waliofukuzwa walishuka wakiwa wamepiga magoti baada ya kusikia habari hizo.

1041
01:22:23,439 --> 01:22:26,079
"Nafsi yake iende kuzimu."

1042
01:22:27,520 --> 01:22:28,839
"Asante Mungu,"

1043
01:22:29,239 --> 01:22:32,918
“Leo mwanaume na masharubu yalikwenda kuzimu."

1044
01:22:36,359 --> 01:22:37,759
Wakati wa utawala wake,

1045
01:22:38,399 --> 01:22:41,000
mtu aliyeahidi mbinguni duniani

1046
01:22:41,918 --> 01:22:45,318
ilisababisha vifo vya watu milioni 20.